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Yıl:2023; Cilt: 26; Sayı: 4>> Özet
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Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2023;26(4):272-281
Dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu olan çocukların bilişsel profilleri: Eşlik eden psikiyatrik tanısı olan ve olmayan çocuklar arasındaki farklar
HA Genç, R Markaroğlu, S Muradoğlu, I Necef, T Mutluer
Koç Üniversitesi, İstanbul
GİRİŞ ve AMAÇ: Çocuklar için Wechsler Zeka Ölçeği–Dördüncü Baskı (WISC-IV), dikkat eksikliği/hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB) olan çocuklarda bilişsel yetenekleri ölçmek için yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada DEHB ve eşlik eden psikiyatrik bozukluğu olan çocukların bilişsel profillerinin sadece DEHB olan çocuklardan farklı olup olmadığının, özellikle işlem hızı indeksi puanlarının iki grup arasında farklılık gösterip göstermediğinin incelenmesi amaçlandı. YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Katılımcılar, DEHB tanısı almış ve WISC-IV testini tamamlamış, yaşları 6-17 arasında değişen 245 çocuktan oluşuyordu. Katılımcılar psikiyatrik ek hastalığı olan (n=52) ve olmayan (n=193) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. İki grup arasında tıbbi kayıtlarından geriye dönük olarak elde edilen yaş, cinsiyet, WISC-IV tam ölçek IQ ve alt test puanları karşılaştırıldı. BULGULAR: Psikiyatrik ek hastalığı olan gruptaki katılımcıların yaş ortalaması (11,56 + 3,25) ek hastalığı olmayan gruptan (10,08 + 2,78) anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (p=0,004). Ek hastalığı olan grubun işlemleme hızı puanları (81,69 + 21,52) ek hastalığı olmayan grupla (89,88 + 19,105) karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı olarak daha düşüktü (p=0,008). TARTIŞMA ve SONUÇ: Sonuçlar, DEHB ve eşlik eden psikiyatrik bozuklukları olan çocukların bilişsel profillerinin yalnızca DEHB olan çocuklardan farklı olduğu hipotezini desteklemektedir. Bu bulgular, DEHB'nin değerlendirilmesi ve tanısının yanı sıra DEHB olan çocuklarda olası psikiyatrik ek hastalıkların belirlenmesinde bilişsel değerlendirmelerin rolü hakkında önemli bilgiler sağlamaktadır.
Cognitive profiles of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Differences between those with and without comorbid psychiatric diagnoses
INTRODUCTION: The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) is widely used to measure cognitive abilities of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the cognitive profiles of children with ADHD and comorbid psychiatric disorders differ from those of children with a diagnosis of ADHD only. Specifically, the study aimed to examine whether the processing speed index (PSI) scores differed between the two groups. METHODS: The participants were 245 children aged between 6 and 17 years old, who had been diagnosed with ADHD and completed the WISC-IV test. The participants were divided into two groups, one with a psychiatric comorbidity (n=52) and one without (n=193). The two groups were compared regarding age, sex, WISC-IV full scale IQ, and subtest scores which were retrospectively collected from medical records. RESULTS: The results showed that the mean age of the comorbidity group (11.56 + 3.25) was higher than the group without comorbidities (10.08 + 2,78, p=0.004). Furthermore, the group with comorbidities had lower PSI scores (81.69 + 21.518) compared to the group without comorbidities (89.88 + 19.105, p=0.008). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The results support the hypothesis that the cognitive profiles of children with ADHD and comorbid psychiatric disorders differ from those of children with ADHD only. These findings provide important insights for the assessment and diagnosis of ADHD, as well as the role of cognitive assessments in identifying potential comorbidities in children with ADHD.

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