Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2018; Cilt: 3; Sayı: 2>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Psikoloji Özel Dergisi; 2018;3(2):1-12
Diyabet Hastalarında Psikososyal Süreçler ve Psikolojik Müdahaleler
G Dirik, E Yorulmaz
Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir
Tip 1 ve tip 2 olmak üzere iki türü bulunan diyabet hastalığının hem ortaya çıkışında hem de devamında psikolojik ve davranışsal faktörler önem taşımaktadır. Bu nedenle bu makalede sağlık psikolojisinde önemli rolü olan kuramlar çerçevesinde diyabet hastalarının psikososyal süreçleri incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları diyabet hastalarının öz bakım davranışlarının (yiyecek seçimi, fiziksel aktivite, uygun ilaç kullanımı ve kan şekeri takibi) arttırılmasında algılarının ve inançlarının önemli bir rolü olduğunu göstermiştir. Diyabet hastalığının kronik ve ilerleyici yapısı psikolojik sıkıntıları da beraberinde getirmektedir. Tüm bunlar diyabet hastalığı olan kişilerde psikososyal süreçlerin ve psikolojik müdahalelerin önemine işaret etmektedir. Bu sebeple bu çalışma kapsamında diyabet hastalarında kullanılan Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi (BDT), Farkındalık Temelli Müdahaleler, Motivasyonel Görüşme, Teknoloji Temelli Yöntemler, Psikoeğitim ve Öz-Yönetim Müdahaleleri, Aile Temelli Müdahaleler ve Toplum Temelli Müdahaleler gibi psikolojik müdahaleler ele alınmıştır. Tüm müdahalelerin bulgularının detaylıca incelendiği bu çalışmada müdahalelerin hastalar için olumlu sonuçları olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Psychosocial Processes and Psychological Interventions in Diabetes Patients
Psychological and behavioral factors are important both in the emergence and persistence of diabetes, which has two types, type 1 and type 2. Therefore, psychosocial processes of diabetic patients have been examined on the basis of theories that have an important role in health psychology. Studies showed that perceptions and beliefs play an important role in increasing diabetes self-care behaviors (physical activity, food choices, appropriate medication intake, and blood glugose monitoring). The chronic and progressive nature of diabetes also brings with it psychological distress. All of these show the importance of psychosocial processes and psychological interventions in people with diabetes. For this reason, in this study the findings in relation to psychological interventions such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Mindfulness-Based Interventions, Motivational Interviewing, Technology Based Interventions, Psychoeducation and Self-Management Interventions, Family Based Interventions and Community Based Interventions have been examined in detail. These findings have shown that the interventions have positive effects for the patients.

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