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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 2; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions; 2015;2(1):5-27
Buprenorfin/Nalokson Yerine Koyma Tedavisinin Erken Döneminde Tedavi Başarısını Öngören Faktörler
C Guliyev, Lİ Yargıç
Anka Psikiyatri ve Psikoterapi Tıp Merkezi, Malatya
Opiyat bağımlılığı kronik ve yineleyici bir hastalıktır. Opiyat bağımlılığı tedavisi sırasında hastaların, opiyat ya da başka bağımlılık yapıcı maddeler kullanmaları ve tedaviden sonra opiyat kullanımına geri dönmeleri oldukça sık görülür. Bu çalışmanın amacı buprenorfin/nalokson kombinasyonu ile yapılan opiat yerine koyma tedavisine yanıtı belirleyen faktörleri saptamaktır. Bu araştırma, İstanbul Üniversitesi İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı Yataklı Servisi’nde yatan ve taburcu edildikten sonra Bağımlılık Polikliniği’nde buprenorfin/nalokson yerine koyma tedavisi uygulanan 50 hasta ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tedavinin başlangıcında hastalara Bağımlılık Şiddetini Belirleme Ölçeği, Zuckerman-Kuhlman Kişilik Testi, Levenson Psikopati Ölçeği, Görsel Analog Ölçeği ve Algılanan Stres Ölçeği uygulandı. Üç ayın sonunda tedaviye devam eden hastalar başarılı kabul edildi. Tedaviye üç ay devam eden hastalarla daha erken ayrılan hastalar başlangıçta elde edilen ölçek puanları açısından karşılaştırıldı. Araştırmamızda yaş, eğitim seviyesi, cinsiyet, madde kullanım şekli, stres, tıbbi durum, iş-destek durumu, madde ve alkol kullanımı, yasal durum, aile-sosyal ilişkiler, psikiyatrik durum, maddeye aş erme, kişilik özellikleri, psikopati düzeyi ve sosyal (çevresel) etkenlerin erken dönem tedavi başarısını öngöremediği saptanmıştır. Bu çalışma buprenorfin/nalokson yerine koyma tedavisine iyi cevap veren belli bir hasta tipi olmadığını, tedavi için başvuran her hastanın tedaviden yararlanma olasılığı olduğunu ve bu konuda önyargılarla hareket edilmemesi gerektiğini ortaya koymuştur.
Predictive Factors for Treatment Success in the Early Period of Buprenorphine/Naloxone Maintenance Treatment for Opiate Addiction
The aim of this study is to determine the factors that influence the treatment response and to contribute to the development of treatment protocols that are specific to our society. This study was conducted on 50 patients who were diagnosed with opiate addiction in the Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul University. They were first interviewed at the inpatient ward during detoxification and were followed up monthly at the Addiction Outpatient Unit after discharge. During the first and the forth interview (at the end of the third month) the Addiction Severity Index (ASI), the Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire, the Levenson Psychopathy Scale, the Addiction Treatment Success Factors Predicting Scale, the Visual Analog Scale, and the Perceived Stress Scale were administered. During the interviews at the first, second, and third months after discharge, the Visual Analog Scale was administered. At each visit, a urine sample was collected from the patients in order to screen for opiates, cocaine, cannabis, benzodiazepines, and amphetamines. The patients with a positive urine test result for any substance were excluded from the follow up. A total of 50 opiate addicted patients were included in the study, 82% (n = 41) of them were males, 18% (n = 9) were females, and their ages were between 20 and 69 years. We found that age, educational level, gender, type of substance use, perceived stress, medical condition, business-support status, drug and alcohol use, legal status, family and social relationships, psychiatric condition, craving, personality traits, psychopathy, and social and environmental factors did not have predictive value for short term treatment success among patients with opiate addiction. Among the patients who continued the treatment and did not use any illegal substance, we found a decrease in impulsivity, excitement seeking, craving, and anxiety; they also had better family and social relationships and improvement in psychiatric conditions.

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