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Yıl:2011; Cilt: ; Sayı: 16>> Özet
Yansıtma: Psikopatoloji ve Projektif Testler Dergisi; 2011;(16):25-34
Hiperaktif Çocuk Depresyonda
B Doğangün, N Pirinççi
İ.Ü. Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi
Hiperaktivite günümüzde, bir belirti olmanın ötesinde gün be gün popülaritesi aran zaman içinde sevimli bir afacanlığı da barındıran bir metafor haline gelmiştir. Çocuk psikiyatri kliniğinin kapısını açan bir anahtardır adeta. Bir belirti olarak hiperaktivite ise bir duramama, sakinleşememe halidir aslında ve adeta bebekliğin ilk dönemlerinden izler taşır. İç ve dış dünyadan gelen uyaranlara karşı bebek bütün ekstremitelerini harekete geçirir. Kasılır, gerinir ve bu bedensel aktiviteyi genellikle ani bir çığlık ve ağlama takip eder. Annenin ya da bakımverenin bebekten gelen mesajı alması, uygun ortamın sağlanmasıyla bebek teskin olur ve mesaj niteli0 taşıyan bu aşırı etkinlik son bulur.
Depresyon çocuklarda yetişkinlerden farklı olarak irritabilite yani huzursuzluk şeklinde kendisini gösterebilmektedir. Depresif duygulanıma karşı manik savunmaların ve bedensel dışavurumun kullanımı sıktır. Günümüzün popüler ruhsal rahatsızlık olarak bilenen hiperaktivite depresyonla taban tabana zıt bir görsel tablo sergiler gibi görünse de aslında depresyonla iç içe olabilir. Yani depresyona karşı geliştirilen bir savunma düzeneği olarak nitelendirilmesi mümkündür. İçerideki boşluk bir nevi hareketlerle, bedenin kullanımıyla, yok sayılmak istenir. Boşluğu bilinç düzeyinde hissetmek, ruhsal olarak işlenmesi zor olan bir acıyı da beraberinde getirebileceğinden, bununla yüzleşme sanki bu sürekli hareketlilik haliyle engellenir.
Bir sendrom olarak Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu klinikte sıklıkla karşılaşılan bir tanıdır. Bu tanının belirtileriyle başvuran hemen her çocuğa belirtilerin anlamları dikkatle incelenmeden teşhis konması riski önem arz eder.

Bu yazıda okul çağı döneminde sıklıkla karşımıza çıkan dikkat eksikliği, hiper aktivite, motive ol(a)mama ve can sıkıntısı gibi belirtilerin anlamlan ve depresyon ile muhtemel ilişkisi psikolojik, klinik ve nörobiyolojik açıdan tartışılmaya çalışılacaktır.
Hyperactive Child In Depression
Beyond being a symptom, hyperactivity in daily life can be considered as a popüler metaphor that contains within itself a certain amount of cute mischievousness. It is almost a key to the doors of a psychiatry clinic. As a symptom hyperactivity is demonstrated through a state of not being able to stop or calm down. This state seems to carry signs from the first [year]s of infancy. The baby uses all its extremities towards both inner and outer stimuli. It contracts it muscles and this physical activity is usually followed by a sudden scream or cry. The mother or the care giver is expected to get this message coming from the baby. Hence the baby relaxes and this extreme act that aims to be message ends.
Different than in adults, depression can be observed as a form of irritability in children. The usage of manic defense mechanisms and acting outs are common against depressive emotional states. Even if today s popular psychological disorder hyperactivity appears as being totally the opposite of depression, when investigated in depth, it can turn out to be hand in hand with it. It is possible for symptoms of hyperactivity to be seen as defenses against depression. The emptiness inside is wished to be ignored by constant movements and the usage of the bodily mechanisms. Since the feeling of emptiness on a conscious level brings with it a type of pain that cannot easily be processed psychologically, this confession is banned thorough this constant moving.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder as a syndrome is a common diagnose. It would be risky to diagnose almost every child that is brought to the clinic as hyperactive without searching and understanding the unique meanings of these types of behaviors. This article aims to discuss the meanings of symptoms that often appear in school children such as attention deficit, hyperactivity, the state of not being able to be motivated, boredom and their possible relation to depression thorough a psychological, clinical and neuro-biological perspective.

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