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Yıl:2010; Cilt: 1; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi; 2010;1(2):63-70
Din Görevlilerinin Şizofreniye İlişkin Bilgi ve Tutumları (Düzce Örneği)
F Eker, Ö Öner, S Şahin
Düzce Üniversitesi Sağlık Yüksek Okulu
Amaç: Bu çalışma, din görevlilerinin şizofreninin etyolojisi ve tedavisi ile ilgili bilgilerinin ve şizofreniye ilişkin tutumlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma evrenini Düzce il merkezinde çalışan 422 din görevlisi oluşturmuş, örneklem evreni bilinen örneklem formülü kullanılarak 201 olarak hesaplanmış ve araştırma 267 kişi ile tamamlanmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri 2009 yılının Nisan ayında Düzce İl Müftülüğü toplantı salonunda araştırmaya katılan din görevlilerinin anketleri doldurması şeklinde toplanmıştır. Anket formu sosyodemografik bilgiler ve şizofreniyle ilgili bilgi kaynaklarının öğrenildiği Bilgi formu ve Psikiyatrik Araştırmalar ve Eğitim Merkezi (PAREM) tarafından geliştirilmiş olan anketin 32 maddelik şizofreni alt bölümünden meydana gelmiştir. Araştırma için kurum izni ve araştırmaya katılan bireylerden sözlü onam alınmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan din görevlilerinin %70'i erkek, %85'i evli ve %64'ü üniversite mezunudur. Din görevlilerinin %88'i şizofreniyi bir hastalık, %50.2'si bir akıl hastalığı olarak değerlendirmiştir. Etyolojik neden olarak en sık kişilik yapısının zayıflığı (%64.4) gösterilirken, sosyal sorunlar (%59.2) ikinci neden olarak gösterilmiştir. Sağaltım için en çok doktora (%91), doktorlar içinde de psikiyatriste (%80.9) başvurmayı önermişlerdir. Din görevlilerinin %33.3'ü şizofreni hastalarının serbestçe dolaşmamaları gerektiğini, %41.9'u şizofreni olan bir komşudan rahatsızlık duyacağını, %34.8'i şizofreni olan biriyle birlikte çalışmak istemediğini, %64.8'i bir şizofreni hastası ile evlenmeyeceğini, %37.1'i şizofreni hastalarının saldırgan olacağını belirtmişlerdir. Sonuç: Din görevlileri sosyal boyutta şizofreni hastalarına daha ılımlı bir tutum gösterirken özel hayatlarında bu hastalardan rahatsız olmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmanın sonunda din görevlilerinde olumlu tutum geliştirilmesi ve damgalamanın önlenmesi için eğitim programının düzenlenmesi gerektiği düşünülmektedir.
Knowledge and Attitudes of Religious Officials Towards Schizophrenia (Example of Düzce, Turkey)
Objectives: This descriptive study was carried out to assess the knowledge of religious officials about the etiology of schizophrenia and its treatment and their attitudes towards this illness. Methods: The population of the study was 422 religious attendants working in Düzce. The sample of the study was estimated as 201 subjects using a sample formula with a known population, and the study was completed with 267 religious officials. Data were collected in April 2009, in the conference hall of a Düzce building housing a Mufti's Office, with participants completing a questionnaire form. The form was composed of 32 topics in the schizophrenic subsection of the questionnaire, which was developed by PAREM, and a private form that included data about the social and demographic status of the participant and the participant's knowledge and attitudes toward schizophrenia. Institutional permission was obtained and personal verbal approval was taken from the participants. Results: Of the 267 religious attendants, 70% were male, 87.6% were younger than 46 [year]s, 85% were married, and 64% had graduated from faculties. Eighty-eight percent of the participants defined schizophrenia as an illness, and 50.2% defined schizophrenia as a mental illness. Participants noted weak mental constitution as the first etiological cause (64.4%), followed by social problems (59.2%). For the treatment of the patient, 91% of the participants suggested consultation with a doctor, and psychiatrist was the first choice among doctors (80.9%). 33.3% of the religious attendants stated that schizophrenic patients should not be left unattended, 41.9% stated they would be disturbed if they had a schizophrenic neighbor, 34.8% did not want to work with a schizophrenic person, and 64.8% indicated that they would not marry a schizophrenic person. Thirty-seven percent believed that schizophrenic patients are aggressive. Conclusion: Because the religious officials are community leaders, it is believed that they are in a key position to positively change the public's attitudes toward schizophrenia. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that some education programs are needed to prevent stigmatization and to facilitate more positive attitudes among the religious officials.

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