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Yıl:2010; Cilt: 1; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi; 2010;1(1):18-24
Üniversite Sınavına Hazırlanan Bir Grup Öğrencinin Kendilik Algıları ve Ruhsal Belirtileri Arasındaki İlişki
GÜ Barlas, S Karaca, N Onan, Ö Işıl
Marmara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, üniversite sınavına hazırlanan bir grup öğrencinin kendilik algıları ve ruhsal belirtileri arasındaki ilişkiyi ve bu ilişkinin öğrencilerin yaş, cinsiyet, ebeveyn eğitim durumu, gelir düzeyi, okunan lise ve sınava giriş sayısı gibi değişkenlerle ilişkilerini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma 161 dershane öğrencisi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada bilgi formu, sosyal karşılaştırma ölçeği (SKÖ) ve kısa semptom envanteri (KSE) kullanıldı. Verilerin analizinde yüzdelik, varyans ve korelasyon analizi ve t-testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin SKÖ'de n aldıkları toplam puan ortalaması 72.4±22.5 olarak bulundu. Bu puan kendilerini diğerleri ile karşılaştırdıklarında olumlu olarak algıladıklarını göstermektedir. KSE'de n aldıkları puan ortalaması 79.2±45.65 iken, alt boyutlardan anksiyete 32.5±9.40, depresyon 30.4±8.93, olumsuz kendilik algısı 28.6±9.89, somatizasyon 22.1±6.98 ve hostilite 16.9±5.47 olarak bulundu. Puan ortalamalarına göre öğrencilerin ruhsal belirti sıklığının düşük olduğu söylenebilir. Değişkenler ile KSE puan ortalamaları karşılaştırıldığında sınava giriş sayısı ve gelir düzeyi ile ruhsal belirti sıklığı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar bulundu. Gelir düzeyi yükseldikçe ruhsal belirti sıklığının azaldığı belirlendi (F=7.81; p=.001). SKÖ ile KSE ve alt boyutları arasında istatistiksel olarak önemli derecede anlamlı negatif bir ilişki bulundu. Öğrencilerin olumsuz kendilik algısının ruhsal belirti sıklığını artırdığı belirlendi. Sonuç: Ergenin geleceğini etkileyen ve eleme esasına dayanan üniversite sınavına girecek öğrencilerin genel olarak kendilerini olumsuz algılamasalar da cinsiyet, sosyoekonomik değişkenler ve sınava tekrarlı girişlerin kendilik algısında olumsuzluğa neden olabileceği ve bu durumun ruhsal belirti sıklığını etkileyebileceği söylenebilir.
The Relationship between Self-Perception and Psychiatric Symptoms in a Group of Students Preparing for the University Entrance Examination
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between self-perception and psychiatric symptoms in a group of adolescents preparing for the university entrance examination with respect to variables such as age, gender, parents? educational background, income level, type of school, and number of times the exam had been taken. Methods: This study was conducted among 161 private tutoring students. Information Forms, Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and Social Comparison Scale (SCS) were used as data collection tools. Percentage method, variance, correlation analysis, and t-test were used to evaluate the data. Results: The average SCS score of the students was 72.4±22.5. This score indicates that students? self-perceptions were positive when they compared themselves with peers. The BSI average score was 79.2±45.65, and sub-scale scores were as follows: anxiety 32.5±9.40, depression 30.4±8.93, negative self-perception 28.6±9.89, somatization 22.1±6.98, and hostility 16.9±5.47. The mental symptom frequency was low according to the average score results. When variables were compared with respect to BSI average scores, statistically significant differences were found in mental symptoms frequency according to the number of entries into the exams and income level. It was found that as income level increased, mental symptoms frequency decreased (F=7.81; p=0.001). A statistically significant high-level negative relationship was found between SCS and BSI and its subscales. The mental symptoms frequency increased with a negative self-perception of students. Conclusion: In general, students who take the elimination-based university examination, which affects an adolescent's future, do not have negative self-perception; however, gender, socioeconomic variables and repetitive entries to the exam may cause negative perception and this in turn may affect mental symptom frequency.

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