Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2006; Cilt: 7; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Bağımlılık Dergisi; 2006;7(3):111-116
Lise Öğrencilerinde Arkadaş Özellikleri ve Madde Kullanımı
G Erdem, CY Eke, K Ögel, S Taner
Ohio Eyalet Üniversitesi, Gelişim ve Aile Araştırmaları Bölümü, Columbus, ABD
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amaçları, lise öğrencilerinin arkadaş
özelliklerinin dağılımını belirlemek, madde kullanma riskini
arttıran çevresel etmenleri incelemektir. Bununla birlikte,
madde kullanan öğrencilerin arkadaş özelliklerini ortaya
koymak hedeflenmektedir.
Yöntem: Gençlik Araştırması kapsamında, İstanbul’un
15 ilçesinden rasgele 43 okul seçilmiştir. 2004 Mart - Mayıs
tarihleri arasında 10. sınıf öğrencilerine toplam 3843 anket
uygulanmıştır. Anketlerin 3168’i geçerlidir. Bu çalışmada, kullanılan
anket formunun arkadaş özellikleri ve madde kullanımı
ile ilgili bölümleri değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Araştırmada, yaşam boyu en az bir kez tütün
ve alkol kullanım yaygınlığı sırasıyla %34.3 ve %49.7, herhangi
bir madde kullanımı ise %14.3 olarak belirlenmiştir.
Madde kullanma riskini arttıran arkadaş özellikleri içinde,
öğrencinin madde kullanan arkadaşı bulunması önplana
çıkmaktadır. Madde kullanan arkadaşı olanların, madde kullanma
riski yaklaşık 6 kat fazladır. Bununla birlikte, erkeklerde
polisle başı belaya giren ve hırsızlık yapan arkadaşı olma
riski kızlara göre yaklaşık 2.5 kat, bilerek başkasının malına
zarar veren arkadaşı bulunma riski ise 2 kat fazladır. Fakat,
madde kullanan kızların anti-sosyal arkadaşları bulunması
riski erkeklere oranla daha yüksektir. Örneğin, madde kullandığını
belirten kızlarda hırsızlık yapan arkadaşı olma riski
6.6 iken, bu risk madde kullanan erkek öğrencilerde 3.3’tür.
Madde kullananların %50.2’sinin, madde kullanmayanlarınsa
%15.2’sinin madde kullanan arkadaşı vardır.
Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın arkadaş etkisini daha ayrıntılı incelemek
için riskli arkadaş grubunun yapısı da gözönünde
tutularak tekrarlanması gerekmektedir. Risk etmenleri içinde
arkadaş etkisi, cinsiyet karşılaştırması yapılarak yeniden ele
alınmalıdır.
Peer Characteristics and Substance Use Among High School Students
Objective: The goals of this study are to determine
peer characteristics of high school students and evaluate environmental
factors that increase their risk of substance use.
In addition to that, it is aimed to display peer characteristics
of substance users.
Method: As a scope of Youth Research, 43 schools
were randomly selected among 15 districts of Istanbul. 3842
questionnaires were administered to 10th grade students
between March – May 2004. 3168 questionnaires were valid.
In this article, questionnaires sections regarding peer characteristics
and substance use are evaluated.
Results: It has been found that lifetime prevalence of
tobacco and alcohol use are %34.3 and %49.7 respectively,
and of any other substance use is %14.3. Among peer characteristics
that increase the risk of substance use, having a
drug-user peer is found to be prominent. Those who have
substance user friends are at 6 times higher risk of using
drugs. In addition to that, compared to girls, boys are at 2.5
times more risk of having friends who engage in trouble
with police and theft and 2 times more likely to have friends
that intentionally damage other people’s property. But risk
of having antisocial peers is higher for substance user girls,
than boys. For instance, girls who stated that they have used
drugs are 6.6 times higher at risk of having friends committing
theft whereas this risk is at 3.3 times for boys. %50.2 of
substance users have substance user peers whereas %15.2
of non-users do so.
Conclusion: For purpose of making detailed analysis
of peer influence, this study should be replicated taking into
account the structure of risky peer group. Peer influence as
a risk factor should be re-evaluated by making gender based
comparisons.

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