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Yıl:1996; Cilt: 3; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi; 1996;3(1):27-32
Otistik Bozuklukta Hipatalomo-Pitütüer-Adrenal Aksın İncelenmesi: Bir Ön Çalışma
NÜ Gündoğan, M Özata, MA Gündoğan, S Castells
Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Fizyoloji Anabilim Dalı, Ankara
Çeşitli psikiyatrik durumlar ve depresif hastalıklarla beyinde norepinefrin (NE) ya da serotonin düzeyleri ayrı ayrı ya da herikisi birlikte azalırken kortizon düzeyinin yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca tirotiropin salgılatıcı hormona (TRH) tiroid stimule edici hormon (TSH) cevabında azalmıştır. Beyin katekolamin düzeyindeki değişikliklerin otistik çocuklarda hipotalamus işlevlerini etkileyebileceği düşünülmüştür .Otistik bozuklukta tirod fonksiyon testleri ve hipotalamus-hipofiz-adrenal aks ile ilgili olarak çok çeşitli sonuçlar bildirilmiştir. Bu nedenle sunulan çalışmada (yaşları 4,7 yıl arasında 1 kız, 4 erkek )5 otistik çocukta hipotalamus-hipofiz- fonksiyon bozukluğu ve troid fonksiyon testleri araştırılmıştır. Hastaların hepsi Afrika kökenli Amerikalı olup ikisi kardeştir.Yaş ve cinsiyete uygun 10 sağlıklı çocuk kontrol grubu olarak alınmıştır. Endokrin çalışmasında bazal serum kortizol TSH, T3, T4 ve prolaktin (PRL) düzeyleri saptanmış bir gecelik 1 mg Dekzametazon (Dex) supresyon testine ACTH stimülasyon testine yanıtlar incelenmiş. TRH sonrası TSH , T3 , T4 ve PRL düzeyleri değerlendirilmiştir. Hormon düzeyleri RIA ile saptanmıştır. 5 otistik çocuğun 3''ünde bazal kortizol düzeyleri normal sınırda iken 2 çocukta plazma kortizol düzeyleri yüksek bulunmuştur (32.2 ve 31.9 mg/dl). 1 mg Dex supresyon testi sonrası plazma kortizol düzeyleri 5 çocuğun 4'ünde supresyon testi sonrası suprese olmuştur. Gerek bazal, gerekse TRH sonrası TSH, T3, T4 ve PRL düzeyleri tüm hastalarda normal sınırlarda bulunmuştur. Küçük bir hasta gurubunda çalışmış olmasına karşın sonuçlarımız bazı otistik çocuklarda hipotalamus-pituiter-adrenal aksında anormallikler olabileceğini ortaya koymuştur.
Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Autistic Disorder: A Preliminary Study
In different psychiatric conditions and depressive illness in which brain norepinephrine (NE) or serotonin or both are depleted in the central nervous system (CNS) there is hypersecretion of cortisol, and diminished thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) response to thyroid releasing hormone (TRH). Alteration of brain catecholamines may afftect hypothalamic functions in autistic children. Conflicting result regarding thyroid function tests and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in autism have also previously been reported. The present study therefore aimed to determine the dysfunction of hypothalamic-pituitary axis in 5 autistic children (one girl, 4 boys, age ranged 4-7 [year]s). All of them were African-American and two of them there were siblings. Age and sex-matched 10 healthy children were selected as a control goup. Endocrine evaulation consisted of measurement of basal serum cortisol, T3, T4, TSH and prolactin (PRL) levels and evaluation consisted of the responses to the overnight 1 mg dexammethasole (Dex) supresion test ACTH stimulation test and T3, T4, TSH and PRL responses to TRH administration .Serum hormone levels were determined by RIAs.Basal cortisol levels were within the normal range in 3 of 5 patients while 2 had increased morning plasma levels (32.2 and 31.9 mg/dl) Four of 5 patiants had suppressed cortisol levels after 1 mg Dex suppression test.In one patient the cortisol level was not suppressed after 1 mg Dex suppression test but was suppressed after 2 mg Dex suppression test. Either baseline or after TRH stimulation serum levels of T3, T4 , TSH and PRL were within the normal range in all patients.Although only a small number of patients were studied our results suggest that some autistic children may have hypothalamic-pitiitary -adrenal axis abnormality.

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