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Yıl:2023; Cilt: 11; Sayı: 29>> Özet
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Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi; 2023;11(29):489-502
Cinsiyet Kalıpyagıları ve Çelişik Duygulu Cinsiyetçiliğin Spontane Kişilik Özelliği Çıkarımlarına Etkiler
N S Soylu, İ M Teközel
Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir
Spontane çıkarımlar, insanların niyet, farkındalık ve kontrol olmaksızın diğerlerine ilişkin izlenim oluşturma süreçlerini ifade eder. Spontane kişilik özelliği çıkarımları (SKÖÇ) ise yalnızca bir davranışın gözlenmesi suretiyle gözleyenin zihninde bir kişilik özelliğinin aktive olmasını (aktivasyon aşaması) ve davranışı gerçekleştiren aktörün temsilleri arasında uzun süreli bellekte kaydedilmesini (ilişkilendirme aşaması) içerir. Bu süreç otomatik olarak gerçekleşse de, insanların içinde bulundukları kültürün sunduğu çerçevede ve benimsedikleri kalıp yargılarla uyumlu yönde SKÖÇ yapma eğiliminde olduğunu gösteren bulgular mevcuttur. Bu çalışmanın amacı katılımcının cinsiyetinin, cinsiyet kalıp yargılarının ve cinsiyetçiliğin farklı boyutlarının SKÖÇ’ün ilişkilendirme aşaması üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektir. Bu amaçla Çelişik Duygulu Cinsiyetçilik Kuramı ve Yanlış Tanıma Paradigması'ndan faydalanılmıştır. Katılımcılara çalışma aşamasında yüz fotoğrafları ve belirli bir kişilik özelliğini ima eden cümleler sunulmuştur. Test aşamasında ise ima edilen kişilik özellikleri ve yüz fotoğrafları sunularak, sunulan kişilik özelliğinin, o yüzle birlikte çalışma aşamasında sunulan cümlede yer alıp almadığına karar verme görevi verilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre düşmanca cinsiyetçilik düzeyi yüksek erkeklerde cinsiyet kalıp yargılarıyla uyumlu SKÖÇ gözlenirken, katılımcıların cinsiyetinden bağımsız olarak koruyucu ataerkilliği düşük bireylerde cinsiyet kalıp yargılarıyla uyumsuz SKÖÇ daha fazla görülmüştür. Özetle, cinsiyetçiliğin farklı alt boyutları cinsiyet kalıp yargılarının SKÖÇ üzerindeki etkilerini farklı şekilde düzenlemektedir. Sonuçlar Çelişik Duygulu Cinsiyetçilik Kuramı ve SKÖÇ ile kalıp yargıların ilişkileri kapsamında tartışılmıştır.
Effects of Gender Stereotype and Ambivalent Sexism onSpontaneous Trait Inferences
Spontaneous trait inferences (STIs) refers to the process of forming impressions of others based on their behavior without awareness, intention and control, encompassing both the immediate activation of traits upon observing behavior (activation) and their storage in long-term memory (binding). Although considered automatic, evidence suggests that people tend to make STIs influenced by their cultural environement and in alignment with adopted stereotypes. This experimental study aims to investigate the effects of the gender of participant, gender stereotypes, and various dimensions of sexism on binding phase of STIs. The study employs Ambivalent Sexism and False Recognition Paradigm, presenting participants with face photos and trait-related sentences during the study phase, and subsequently testing their ability to recognize whether presenting trait words were part of the earlier sentences associated with those faces. Results showed that men with high hostile sexism exhibit more gender-stereotypic STIs and independent of the participants’ gender, low protective paternalism is associated with stronger non-gender-stereotypic STIs. Overall, different dimensions of sexism moderate the effects of gender stereotypes on STIs. Results are discussed within the context of Ambivalent Sexism Theory and the relations between stereotypes and STIs.

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