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Yıl:2004; Cilt: 5; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Bağımlılık Dergisi; 2004;5(1):26-29
Şanlıurfa'da sarma tütün kullanan bir grupta sosyodemografik özellikler ve bağımlılık
M Yanık, M Gencer, E Ceylan, A Altındağ
Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı, ŞanlıUrfa
Amaç: Türkiye’de filtreli paket sigara kullanımı ile ilgili çalışmalar olmakla birlikte sarma tütün kullanımı ile ilgili çalışma yoktur. Halbuki Doğu ve Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde tütünün sarma tütün biçiminde kullanıldığı bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada sarma tütün kullanan bir grubun sosyodemografik özelliklerinin, tütün kullanma biçimlerinin ve bağımlılık düzeylerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi’nde hasta refakatçisi olarak bulunan 71 kişi rasgele olarak çalışmaya alındı. Çalışmacılar tarafından oluşturulan Sarma Tütün Anket Formu ve nikotin bağımlılık düzeyini ölçen Fagerstrom Nikotin Alışkanlık Ölçeği uygulandı.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan 71 kişiden %77.5’i erkek, %22.5’i kadındı. Yaşları 16-74 arasında olup, yaş ortalaması 45.6±14.0 yıl idi. Okuma yazma bilmeme oranı %35 olup, %63.4’ü köy doğumlu, %45’i halen köyde yaşamaktaydı. Günde 20’den fazla sarma sigara içme %56.3’ olup, %26.8’i 30 yıldan uzun süre sarma sigara kullanmıştı. Olguların %93’ü tütüne filtre takmaksızın, %87.3’ü ağızlık kullanma- dan %31’i tütünü sarıp tabakada biriktirerek, %69’u her içim için yeniden sigara sarmaktaydı. Aralıklı olarak paket sigara da kullanma oranı %35 olup, %55’inde ailede sarma tütün kullanan başka biri de vardı. Sarma tütün tercih nedeni olarak %60.6’sı daha ucuz olmasını göstermekteydi. Sarma tütün kullananların %62.7’si sarma tütünün daha zararlı ol- duğunu düşünürken, %37.3’ü paket sigaranın daha zararlı olduğunu düşünmekte idi. Nikotin alışkanlık ölçeğinden alınan puan ortalaması 6.47±2.46 olup, bu ölçeğe göre sarma tütün kullananların %47.9’u fiziksel nikotin bağımlısı idi. Fiziksel bağımlılık oranları erkeklerde kadınlara göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksekti.

Sonuç: Sarma tütün kullanımını belirleyen en önemli iki faktör kırsal kökenli olmak ve sarma tütünün daha ucuz olmasıdır.
Sociodemographic Characteristics and Dependence Levels in a Group of People Who Smoke Rolled Tobacco in Sanliurfa
Objective: Numerous studies have been conducted on the subject of smoking filter-tipped cigarettes in Turkey. However, to our knowledge, no studies have been undertak- en regarding the smoking of hand-rolled tobacco. Smoking hand-rolled tobacco is common in Eastern and Southeastern Turkey. The purpose of this study was to investigate sociode- mographic characteristics, smoking habits and dependence levels in people who smoke hand-rolled tobacco.

Methods: Seventy-one subjects were selected random- ly from people staying with patients in the hospital of Harran University Medical Faculty. Fagerstrom Tolerance Scale and a questionnaire about smoking hand-rolled tobacco which was prepared by the research team were applied to all sub- jects.

Results: This study included 71 subjects (77.5% male, 22.5% female). The ages of subjects ranged from 16 to 74, the mean age was 45.6±14.0 [year]s. Thirty-five percent of sub- jects were illiterate and 45% of them reside in the villages. 56.3% of subjects smoked more than 20 cigarettes a day. 26.8% of subjects had smoked for more than 30 [year]s, 25.4% of them had been smoking for between 20 and 30 [year]s. 93% smoked tobacco without filters, 87.3% smoked without a cigarette holder. Whereas 31% of subjects collected hand- rolled tobacco in a cigarette case, others rolled tobacco for each smoke. 35% of subjects sometimes smoked filter- tipped cigarettes in addiction to hand-rolled tobacco. 55% of subjects had a family member who smoked hand-rolled tobacco. For 60.6% of subjects the reason for smoking hand- rolled tobacco was its low cost compared to filter-tipped cigarettes. 62.7% of subjects thought that hand-rolled to- bacco is more harmful than filter-tipped cigarettes. The aver- age score on the Fagerstrom Tolerance Scale in the study group was 6.47±2.46. These results suggested that 47.9% of subjects who smoked hand-rolled tobacco were physically dependent on nicotine. Men had significantly higher physi- cal dependence rates than women (p=0.01).

Conclusion: Being from rural areas and the low cost of hand-rolled tobacco are the important factors determining who smoked hand-rolled tobacco.

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