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Yıl:2022; Cilt: 37; Sayı: 89>> Özet
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Türk Psikoloji Dergisi; 2022;37(89):105-115
Sosyal Tamponun Sıçanlardaki Davranışsal Etkileri
G Ünal, E G Kain, R Koç Demircan
Boğaziçi Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Sosyal desteğin stresin zarar verici etkilerini azaltması sosyal tampon olarak tanımlanır. Duygudurum üzerindeki bu genel olumlu etkinin hangi davranışsal mekanizmalar üzerinden ortaya çıktığı sosyal ve klinik psikolojide temel bir çalışma konusudur. Bu makale, sosyal tamponun sıçanlardaki davranışsal etkilerini, hayatta kalma açısından kritik öneme sahip olan risk alma davranışı ve anksiyete üzerinden incelemektedir. Farklı seviyelerde sosyalleşme imkânı tanınan ve otuz dakika boyunca düşük seviyeli akut strese maruz kalan sıçanların risk alma davranışları, Çok Değişkenli Eş Merkezli Kare Alan (ÇEKA) düzeneğinde; anksiyete seviyeleri ise Yükseltilmiş Artı Labirenti (YAL) testinde karşılaştırılmıştır. ÇEKA düzeneğine tek başına yerleştirilen ve sosyalleşme şansı bulunmayan kontrol hayvanları anksiyete davranışı gösterirken; sosyal tampon oluşturan çevresel şartlar, risk alma davranışını ve akut stresin anksiyojenik etkisini belirgin oranda azaltmıştır. Hayvan modelleriyle yaptığımız bu kontrollü deneysel çalışma, sosyal tamponun anksiyolitik etkilerinin insan çalışmalarında gözlemlendiğinden çok daha hızlı ve güçlü olduğuna işaret etmektedir.
The Behavioral Effects of Social Buffering in Rats
The ameliorative effects of social support are collectively known as social buffering. The behavioral mechanisms that mediate this positive effect on mood is an essential area of study in social and clinical psychology. In the present animal study, we investigate the behavioral effects of social buffering on risk-taking behavior and anxiety, two phenomena critical for survival. Rats that have been subjected to different levels of social support and exposed to a mild acute stress paradigm for thirty minutes were compared for risk taking behavior in the Multivariate Concentric Square Field (MCSF), and anxiety levels in the Elevated Plus Maze (EPM). The animals that were individually tested in the MCSF without the chance to socialize displayed anxiety-related behavior, while environmental conditions that provide social buffering significantly decreased risk-taking behavior and the anxiogenic effects of acute stress. This well-controlled experimental animal study indicates that the anxiolytic effects of social buffering are more rapid and potent than often observed in human studies.

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