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Yıl:2022; Cilt: 25; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2022;25(2):229-233
Fonksiyonel yürüme bozukluğu olan bir olguya yaklaşım
K Yarız, CP Yavaş, H Kumbasar
Ankara University, Ankara
Fonksiyonel yürüme bozukluğu psikojenik hareket bozukluğu olan hastaların %8-10’unda görülen yaygın bir bozukluktur. Birçok fonksiyonel yürüme bozukluğu, nörolojik hastalıkları taklit etmektedir. En kolay tespit edilen bulgu olan astazi-abazi bu hastalarda sıklıkla izlenir. Hastalar sendeler, anlık olarak denge kurarlar, düşme tehlikeleri var gibi görünseler de son anda hep kendilerini kurtarırlar ve genellikle yaralanmazlar. Diğer tüm fonksiyonel bozukluklar gibi yürüme bozuklukları da bir psikososyal stresörü takiben akut bir şekilde ortaya çıkabilir. Semptomların dalgalı seyri, hareketlerde anormal yavaşlama, dizlerde ani bükülmeler ve psikojenik Romberg gibi bazı ipuçları ayırıcı tanı açısından yardımcıdır. Dikkatli bir inceleme ile bozukluğun fonksiyonel doğası tanınsa da bu hastaların uygun tedavisi yeterli zaman ve çaba gerektirir. Hasta ile terapötik bir ilişki kurmak, belirtiler ve tanı arasındaki ilişkiyi yalın ve saldırgan olmayan bir dille açıklamak oldukça önemlidir. Bu fonksiyonel bozukluk bireyselleştirilmiş bir tedavi yaklaşımı gerektirir. Bu yazıda ayağa kalkamama, yürüyememe, her iki kol ve bacağında sıçrama tarzında hareketler ve sürekli yan tarafına eğilme nedeniyle anormal bir postür gibi yakınmalarla başvuran ve hafif mental retardasyonu olan 23 yaşında bir kadın hasta anlatılmıştır. Kliniğimizde uygulanan tedavi ile tam bir iyileşme gösteren hastanın klinik belirtileri, belirtilerin altında yatan olası etkenler, tedavi girişimleri, klinik izlemi ve tedavi başarısını etkileyen faktörler bu yazıda tartışılmıştır.
Approach to a case with functional gait disorder
Functional gait disorder is a common disorder seen in 810% of patients with psychogenic movement disorder. Many functional gait disturbances mimic neurological diseases. Astasis-abhasia, which is the most easily detected finding, is frequently observed in these patients. Patients stumble, balance momentarily and even though they seem to be in danger of falling, they always rescue themselves at the last moment and generally do not get hurt. Like all functional disorders, gait disorders can occur acutely following a psychosocial stressor. Some clues such as the fluctuating course of symptoms, abnormal slowing of movements, sudden bends in the knees and psychogenic Romberg are helpful in terms of differential diagnosis. Although the functional nature of the disorder can be recognized with careful examination, appropriate treatment of these patients requires sufficient time and effort. It is very important to establish a therapeutic relationship with the patient, to explain the relationship between symptoms and diagnosis in a plain and non-aggressive language. This functional disorder requires an individualized treatment approach. In this article, a 23-year-old female patient with mild mental retardation who presented for evaluation of complaints such as inability to stand up and walk, jerk-like movements in both arms and legs, and an abnormal posture due to continuous lateral bending is described. Clinical symptoms, possible underlying factors, treatment attempts, clinical follow-up and factors affecting the treatment success of the patient who had a complete recovery with the treatment applied in our clinic are discussed in this article.

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