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Yıl:2023; Cilt: 34; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2023;34(2):125-132
Yalnızlık ve Özkıyım Davranışı Arasındaki İlişkininKapsam Derlemesi
S Shoib, T W Amanda, F Saeed, R Ransing, S S Bhandari, A Y Armiya'u, A Gürcan, M Chandaradasa
Sağlık Hizmetleri Bl., Keşmir, Hindistan
Amaç: Özkıyım bir halk sağlığı sorunudur ve psikolojik hastalıklar ve psikososyal nedenler gibi çeşitli faktörler özkıyıma yol açmaktadır. Nesnel yalnızlık (yalnız yaşama) ve öznel yalnızlık (yalnızlık hissi) ile farklı özkıyım davranışları arasında bazı bağlantılar olduğu bildirilmiştir. Bu kapsam derlemesinde mevcut literatür incelenerek yalnızlık ve özkıyım davranışı arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Yöntem: Uygun çerçeve kullanılarak PRISMA-ScR uzantısına uygun bir kapsamlı derleme çalışması yapılmıştır. 2011-2021 arası yayınlanan İngilizce kaynakları bulmak için terimler PubMed veri tabanında aratılmıştır. Özkıyım düşünceleri, planları ve/veya girişimleri de dâhil olmak üzere yalnızlık ve özkıyım deneyimleri arasındaki ilişkinin nicel sonuçlarını bildiren çalışmalar dâhil edilmiştir. Yayınlanan literatürün taraması ve veri çizelgelemesi, yazarlardan oluşan bir heyet tarafından yürütülmüştür. Çıkarılan verilerin doğruluk ve netliği üç hakem tarafından kontrol edilmiştir. Bulgular: Bulunan 421 makale arasından 31 tam metin dışlama ve dâhil etme kriterlerine göre değerlendirilmiş, bunlardan yalnızlık ve özkıyım deneyimleri arasındaki ilişkinin nicel sonuçlarını bildiren 18 makale dâhil edilmiştir. Yalnızlık ve özkıyım davranışı arasındaki ilişkinin bireysel, sosyal ve kültürel faktörlerden kaynaklandığı bulgulanmıştır. Eşlik eden psikiyatrik rahatsızlık, madde kullanım bozukluğu ve ekonomik güçlükler özkıyım düşüncesinin oluşmasında önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Sonuç: Yalnızlık özkıyım ile ilişkilidir. Bu ilişkinin bilinmesi, özkıyıma meyilli kişilerin veya özkıyım davranışında bulunma riski yüksek olan bireylerin belirlenmesine yardımcı olabilir. Gelecekteki çalışmalarda farklı psikiyatrik bozukluklar sergileyen ve farklı kişiliklere sahip bireylerde yalnızlık konusuna ve bunun özkıyım düşüncesiyle bağlantısına ağırlık verilmelidir.
Association Between Loneliness and Suicidal Behaviour: A Scoping Review
Objective: Suicide is a public health issue, and there are several factors leading to suicide, like mental illness and psychosocial stressors. Actual loneliness (living alone) and subjective loneliness (feeling of being alone) and different suicidal behaviors have been reported to have some link. This scoping review aimed to assess the association between loneliness and suicidal behaviour by exploring the existing literature. Methods: A scoping review was conducted implementing the appropriate framework and in accord with the PRISMA-ScR extension. A PubMed database search was made using a combination of terms to find publications in English from 2011 to 2021. Studies were included if they reported quantitative outcomes of the association between loneliness and suicidal experiences, including suicidal thoughts, plans, and/or attempts. Screening and data charting of the published literature was conducted by a panel of authors. The accuracy and clarity of extracted data was checked by three reviewers. Results: Among 421 articles found, 31 full texts were evaluated based on exclusion and inclusion criteria, out of which, 18 papers that reported quantitative outcomes of the association between loneliness and suicidal experiences were included. We found that association between loneliness and suicidal behaviour is determined by individual, social and cultural factors. Co-existing mental illness, substance use disorder and economic hardship play an important role for the completion of suicide. Conclusion: Loneliness is correlated with suicide, and the knowledge about this association could assist in the identification of suicidal individuals or those at elevated risk of suicidal behaviour. Future studies should focus on loneliness and its relation to suicidal ideation in individuals with different mental health disorders and personalities.

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