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Yıl:2022; Cilt: 2; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Current Research and Reviews in Psychology and Psychiatry; 2022;2(2):201-216
Psikiyatrik Hastalıklarda Ses Analizi
S Yünden
Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Konya
Psikiyatrik hastalıkların tanısının konulması neredeyse tamamen kişisel bildirime ve klinik görüşe bağlıdır. Bu durum tanıyı öznel tutumlardan etkilenmeye açık bir hale getirmektedir. Psikiyatrik hastalıklarda riskli grupların taranmasında, tanı koymada, tedavi yanıtı izlenmesinde objektif verilere ve pratikte uygulanabilir yöntemlere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Alpert, bir kişinin sesinde çok sayıda klinik bilgi bulunduğunu öne sürmüştür (Alpert, 1982). Bu noktada konuşmayı belirteç olarak kullanma hususunda, kişinin konuşma sırasında verbal ve non-verbal özellikleri gizlemesinin zor olması, dil içeriği aracılığıyla duygu ve düşüncenin doğrudan ifade edilmesi, konuşmanın nöromuskuler modülasyonu dolaylı olarak yansıtması gibi birtakım avantajlardan bahsetmek mümkündür. Ses analizi kolay erişilebilir ve kolay uygulanabilen bir yöntem olması nedeniyle bu noktada klinisyenlere yardımcı olmak için iyi bir adaydır. Literatüre bakıldığında ses analizi, birçok psikiyatrik hastalıkta incelenmiştir, sonuçlar arasında heterojenite olmakla beraber ses analizi tanı koymakta ve tedavinin izlenmesinde önemli rol alacak gibi görünmektedir. Psikiyatrik hastalıklar ve ses analizi ile ilgili olarak yayınladığımız bu derlemeyle, henüz klinik pratiğimizde aktif olarak kullanmadığımız ancak psikiyatrik hastalıkların tanı ve tedavi izleminde bizlere sunduğu verilerle yardımcı olacak ses analizine bir pencere açmak hedeflenmiştir. Ayrıca dil, yapılan yapay zeka çalışmaları için bireyler hakkında önemli veriler sağlama potansiyeline sahiptir. Ses analizi bu noktada terapi odası ile yapay zeka arasında bir köprü potansiyeli taşımaktadır.
Voice Analysis in Psychiatric Disorders
Diagnosis of psychiatric disorders is almost entirely dependent on self-report and clinical opinion. This situation makes the diagnosis open to being affected by subjective attitudes. Objective data and practically applicable methods are needed for screening risky groups, diagnosing, and monitoring treatment response in psychiatric diseases. Alpert suggested that there is a lot of clinical information in a person’s voice (Alpert, 1982). At this point, it is possible to talk about some advantages in terms of using speech as a marker, such as the difficulty of hiding verbal and non-verbal features while speaking, expressing emotions and thoughts directly through language content, and indirect reflection of neuromuscular modulation by speech. Voice analysis is a good candidate to assist clinicians, as it is an easily accessible and easy-to-apply method. When we look at the literature, voice analysis has been examined in many psychiatric diseases, although there is heterogeneity among the results, voice analysis seems to play an important role in diagnosing and monitoring the treatment. With this review we have published on psychiatric diseases and voice analysis, it is aimed to open a window to voice analysis, which we do not use actively in our clinical practice yet, but which will help us in the diagnosis and treatment follow-up of psychiatric diseases. In addition, language has the potential to provide important data about individuals for artificial intelligence studies. At this point, sound analysis has the potential to be a bridge between the therapy room and artificial intelligence.

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