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Yıl:2022; Cilt: 2; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Current Research and Reviews in Psychology and Psychiatry; 2022;2(2):217-243
Subliminal Uyarıcıların Nöropsikolojisi
N Doğan , A Hatipoğlu , M Keskiner, S Tarlacı
Üsküdar Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Latince kökenli olan subliminal kavramı “eşik altında” anlamına gelmektedir. Bilinç, insanın farkındalık alanı olarak kabul edilmekte ve subliminal kelimesi bilinçliliğin ötesinde, bilincin sınırları dışındaki durumları ifade etmek için kullanılmaktadır. Subliminal mesaj, bilinçli olarak algılanamayacak ve işlenemeyecek düzeydeki eşikaltı uyarıcılar yoluyla iletilen mesajlar olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Subliminal uyarıcıların insan davranış, duygu ve tutumlarına etkisi bilimin farklı dallarında uzun yıllar tartışılmaktadır. Ancak günümüzde gelişen teknoloji, nörogörüntüleme araçları, yurt içi ve yurt dışında yapılan deneysel çalışmalar ile doğrudan etkilemese bile hazırlayıcı bir etki oluşturduğu kanıtlanmıştır. Bununla birlikte beyin tarafından ne kadar işlendiği ve bireylere etkisinin ne yönde ve ne kadar kalıcılıkta olduğu, bir kişinin siyasi tercih ya da tüketim tercihlerini ne derede belirleyebileceği soruları artık cevabı aranan diğer sorular haline gelmiştir. “Subliminal Uyarıcıların Nöropsikolojisi” başlıklı çalışmada subliminal uyarıcıların insanın davranış, duygudurum ve karar mekanizması üzerindeki etkileri, nöral süreçleri örnek araştırmalar eşliğinde ele almak amaçlanmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen çalışmalardan hareketle subliminal mesajların özellikle beynin duygu, algı, karar verme bölgeleri ile ilgili nöral mekanizmaları aktive ettiği, bu yollarla da doğrudan etkilemese bile sonraki duygusal ve davranışsal eğilimlere yön vermede etkili olduğu vurgulanmıştır. Bilinç düzeyinde farkında olunmayan subliminal uyaranların, duygusal tepkiler ve duygu-durum üzerinde potansiyel bir repertuvar oluşturarak dolaylı yoldan hazırlayıcı bir etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Hatta bu etkinin karar verme, seçim yapma davranışlarını da yönlendirebileceği, böylece tüketim alışkanlıkları ve siyasi tercihler de dâhil olmak üzere birçok alanda bireylerde belirlenmiş hedef doğrultusunda eğilim oluşturabileceği çoğu çalışmada vurgulanmıştır.
Neuropsychology of Subliminal Stimuli
The term “subliminal”, which is of Latin origin, means below the threshold. Conscious is considered as one’s realm of awareness and the word “subliminal” is used to express the states beyond the limits of conscious and of consciousness. A subliminal message is defined as the messages that are conveyed through threshold stimuli which cannot be consciously perceived and processed. The effect of subliminal stimuli on human behavior, mood and attitude has been discussed in the different branches of science for years. It, however, has been proved that it creates a preparatory effect even if it does not directly affect with today’s developing technology, neuro-imaging devices, and experimental studies conducted in Turkey and abroad. Besides, the questions like “how much it is processed by the brain”, “to what extent it affects the individuals and how permanent it is” and “to what extent it determines one’s political and consumption preferences” have now become the questions to be answered. In the study entitled “Neuropsychology of Subliminal Stimuli”, it has been aimed to handle the effects of subliminal stimuli on human behavior, mood and decision mechanism and neural processes with sample studies. Based on the studies carried out, it has been pointed out that subliminal stimuli activate the neural mechanism especially related to mood, perception, and decision-making regions of the brain, and in doing so, even if they do not have a direct effect, they are effective in directing the subsequent emotional and behavioral tendencies. It has been determined that unconscious subliminal stimuli on the conscious level, indirectly, have a preparatory effect by creating a potential repertoire on emotional reactions and mood. It has even been stated in many studies that this effect can direct decision making and choice making behaviors and it, thus, can create a tendency for the individuals towards the defined target including consumption habits and political preferences.

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