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Yıl:2022; Cilt: 6; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Current Addiction Research; 2022;6(1):5-12
Tıkayıcı Uyku Apne Sendromu Olan Hastaların Depresyon, Anksiyete ve Yeme Bağımlığı Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
AC Güler, G Eryılmaz, NS Tınkır
Üsküdar Üniversitesi, İstanbul
TUAS ve yeme bozuklukları arasındaki ilişki incelendiğinde, özellikle obez bireylerin hastalığı daha ağır geçirdiği gözlemlenmektedir. Yeme programındaki bozuklukların obezite, diyabet ve kardiyovasküler hastalık için önemli etkileri olduğu, bununla birlikte TUAS’ın ortaya çıkma riskini artırdığı bilinmektedir. Bugüne kadar eroin, sigara, alkol gibi çeşitli bağımlılık yapıcı maddeler ve TUAS arasındaki ilişki araştırılmış ve yapılan çalışmalarda bu bağımlılık türleri ve TUAS arasında ilişki bulunduğu ve bağımlılığın TUAS için risk faktörü oluşturabileceği çalışmalarda belirtilmiştir. Buna rağmen literatürde yeme bağımlılığı ve TUAS arasındaki ilişkiyi doğrudan araştıran bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Amaç: TUAS tanısı almış hastalarda anksiyete, depresyon ve yeme bağımlılığının ilişkili olup olmadığını saptamaktır. Yöntem: Araştırma, Mart 2021 – Temmuz 2021 tarihleri arasında İstanbul’da bir hastaneye başvuran hafif, orta ve ağır derecede Tıkayıcı Uyku Apne Sendromu tanısı (TUAS) almış ve çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katılmayı kabul eden kişilerle yapılmıştır. Betimsel nitelikte olan bu çalışmada etik kurul onayı alındıktan sonra demografik soru formu, Modifiye Edilmiş Yale Yeme Bağımlılığı Ölçeği 2.0, Beck Depresyon Envanteri ve Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil olan 105 TUAS hastanın %20’si PAP cihazı kullanmakta %80’i ise cihaz kullanmamaktadır. %71,4’ünde yeme bağımlılığı bulunuyorken %77,1’inde depresyon ve %91,5’inde de anksiyete bulunduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Cinsiyete göre YB, anksiyete ve depresyonda kadınlar erkeklere oranla daha yüksek puan almışlardır. PAP cihazı kullanıp kullanmamanın YB seviyelerinde anlamlı fark oluştuşturduğu ayrıca orta düzeyde YB’ye sahip bireylerin PAP cihazı kullanmadığı görülmüştür. Yeme bağımlılığı ile depresyon arasında negatif yönde ve düşük düzeyde bir ilişki olduğu, YB ile anksiyete, PAP cihazı kullanımı ve TUAS seviyesi arasında bir ilişki olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Sonuç: TUAS indeksi ile cihaz kullanımı arasında literatürde anlamlı bir ilişki görülmekteyken, bu çalışma sonucunda ilişki olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Tıkayıcı Uyku Apne Sendromundaki problemlerin özellikle yeme bağımlılığı bulunan bireylerde tıpkı madde bağımlılarında olduğu gibi farklı bir disiplinle çalışılmasına olanak sağlanmalıdır. Ayrıca orta düzeyde yeme bağımlılığı olan bireylerin cihaz kullanmamaları kiloyu artırıcı bir etken olarak görülebilmektedir.
Investigation of the Relationship Between Depression, Anxiety and Eating Addiction in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
When the relationship between OSAS and eating disorders is examined, it is observed that obese individuals have a more severe disease. It is known that disorders in the eating program have important effects on obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and increase the risk of OSAS. To date, the relationship between various addictive substances such as heroin, cigarettes, alcohol and OSAS has been investigated and it has been stated in studies that there is a relationship between these types of addiction and OSAS and that addiction may be a risk factor for OSAS. However, no study has been found in the literature that directly investigates the relationship between food addiction and OSAS. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine whether anxiety, depression and food addiction are related in patients diagnosed with OSAS. Method: The study was conducted with individuals diagnosed with mild, moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) who applied to a hospital in Istanbul between March 2021 and July 2021 and accepted to participate in the study voluntarily. In this descriptive study, after obtaining ethics committee approval, demographic questionnaire, Modified Yale Eating Addiction Scale 2.0, Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory were applied. Results: Of the 105 OSAS patients included in the study, 20% use the PAP device and 80% do not. While 71.4% had food addiction, 77.1% had depression and 91.5% had anxiety. According to gender, women scored higher than men in ED, anxiety and depression. It was observed that using or not using a PAP device made a significant difference in ED levels, and individuals with moderate ED did not use a PAP device. It was concluded that there is a negative and low level relationship between food addiction and depression, and there is no relationship between ED and anxiety, PAP device use and OSAS level. Conclusion: While there is a significant relationship between the TUAS index and device use in the literature, it was concluded that there was no relationship as a result of this study. It should be possible to study the problems of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome with a different discipline, especially in individuals with food addiction, just like in substance addicts. In addition, the fact that individuals with moderate food addiction do not use devices can be seen as a factor that increases weight.

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