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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 9; Sayı: 22>> Özet
TAM METİN
Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi; 2021;9(22):863-883
Meme Kanseri Olan Kadınlarda Psikolojik Belirtiler ve Travma Sonrası Gelişim ile İlişkili Faktörler
BE Aydoğdu, G Dirik
Dicle Üniversitesi, Diyerbakır
Meme kanseri tanısı almak travmatik bir deneyimdir. Meme kanseri tanısı alanlar depresyon, kaygı ve stres gibi psikolojik belirtiler yaşayabilmektedirler. Ancak travmatik yaşantılar sadece psikolojik belirtilere değil, travma sonrası gelişim (TSG) olarak adlandırılan pozitif değişimlere de yol açabilmektedir. Mevcut çalışmada meme kanseri olan kadınların psikolojik belirti (depresyon, kaygı, stres) ve TSG düzeylerinin ve bu değişkenlerin temel inançlardaki sarsılma ve ruminasyon türleriyle ilişkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. 201 meme kanseri tanısı olan kadına (Ort.yaş = 47.81, S = 8.58) Sosyodemografik ve Kanser ile İlişkili Bilgi Formu, Depresyon Anksiyete Stres Ölçeği-21, Travma Sonrası Gelişim Envanteri, Temel İnançlar Envanteri ve Olay İlişkili Ruminasyon Envanteri uygulanmış, değişkenlerin Process Macro ile aracılık ilişkileri incelenmiştir. Analizler sonucunda katılımcıların çoğunluğunun psikolojik belirti düzeylerinin düşük, TSG düzeylerinin ise ortalamanın üzerinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Temel inançlardaki sarsılmanın depresyon, kaygı, stres ve TSG’yi pozitif yönde yordadığı belirlenmiştir. Temel inançlardaki sarsılmanın depresyon, kaygı ve stresle ilişkisinde istemsiz ruminasyon; TSG’yle ilişkisindeyse istemli ruminasyon aracılık etmiştir. Başka bir ifadeyle, katılımcıların temel inançlardaki sarsılma düzeyleri arttıkça psikolojik belirti ve TSG düzeyleri artmaktadır. Ayrıca istemsiz ruminasyonu daha fazla kullananlar daha fazla psikolojik belirti yaşamakta, istemli ruminasyonu daha fazla kullananlar ise daha yüksek düzey TSG yaşamaktadırlar. Mevcut çalışma meme kanseri olan kadınlarda görülen psikolojik belirtiler ve TSG’yi anlama noktasında bilişsel süreçlerin önemini ortaya koymaktadır.
Investigation of Factors Associated with Psychological Symptoms and Posttraumatic Growth in Women with Breast Cancer
Breast cancer is a traumatic experience. Those diagnosed with breast cancer often experience psychological symptoms such as depression, anxiety, and stress. However, traumatic experiences do not only cause psychological symptoms, but also can lead to positive changes named as posttraumatic growth (PTG). In the present study, it was aimed to examine both the psychological symptom (depression, anxiety, stress) and PTG levels of women with breast cancer and the relationship of these variables with core beliefs challenge and rumination types. Sociodemographic and Cancer-Related Information Form, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Core Beliefs Inventory, and Event-Related Rumination Inventory were applied to 201 women with breast cancer diagnosis (Mage = 47.81, SD = 8.58), mediation relations of variables were examined with Process Macro. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the psychological symptom levels of the majority of the participants were low and their PTG levels were above medium. It was determined that core beliefs challenge positively predicted depression, anxiety, stress, and PTG. Intrusive rumination mediated the relationship between core beliefs challenge and depression, anxiety and stress; deliberate rumination mediated the relationship between core beliefs challenge and PTG. In other words, as the core belief challenge of the participants increase, both psychological symptom and PTG levels increase. In addition, those who use intrusive rumination experience more psychological symptom, and those who use deliberate rumination experience more PTG. The present study reveals the importance of cognitive processes in understanding the psychological symptoms and PTG in women with breast cancer.

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