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Yıl:2022; Cilt: 6; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi; 2022;6(1):16-29
Psikoterapistlerin danışanlarına yönelik varsayımları: Fenomenolojik bir araştırma
HN Kılıç Memur
Marmara Üniversitesi, İstanbul
İnsanlar, yaşantılarında kendilerini etkileyen birçok unsurla karşılaşırlar ve bunlar aracılığı ile zamanla kendilerine bir anlam dünyası inşa ederler. Böylelikle dünya ile ilgili yargılara ve varsayımlara sahip olurlar. Benzer şekilde psikoterapistler de seanslarında danışanları hakkında birçok varsayımda bulunabilirler. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de seans alan bazı psikoterapistlerin, seanslarında sahip oldukları varsayımları süreçte ne kadar kullandıkları, bu konudaki algıları, deneyimleri ve bakış açıları incelenmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda 11 adet görüşme sorusu hazırlanmış ve Türkiye’de çeşitli illerde çalışan yaşları 30-39 arasında değişen sekiz psikoterapist (5 kadın, 3 erkek) ile görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Görüşme deşifreleri MAXQDA 20 programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Veriler analiz edilirken, tanımlayıcı fenomenoloji analizlerinden biri olan Giorgi’nin adımları takip edilmiştir. Katılımcıların seans süreçlerindeki varsayımlarıyla ilgili deneyimleri “danışanlara yönelik varsayımlar”, “varsayımların oluşum süreci” ve “varsayımlarla baş etme” kategorileri altında; varsayımlara yönelik bakış açıları ise “varsayımların sürece etkisi”, “çıkarımlar” ve “öneriler” kategorileri altında incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular tartışılmış ve alanyazın ile karşılaştırılmıştır.
Psychotherapists' assumptions about their clients: A phenomenological study
People encounter many factors that affect them in their lives, and they build their notions around these experiences. In this way, they have judgments and assumptions about the world. Similarly, psychotherapists can make many assumptions about their clients in their sessions. In this study assumptions of some psychotherapists as well as their perceptions, experiences, and perspectives were examined. For this purpose, 11 interview questions were prepared, and eight psychotherapists (5 females and 3 males) aged 30-39 working in various provinces in Turkey were interviewed. Transcripts of the interviews were analyzed through MAXQDA 20 software. While analyzing the data, Giorgi's descriptive phenomenology analysis steps were followed. The experiences of the psychotherapists about their assumptions in the session processes were analyzed under the categories of “assumptions about clients”, “assumption-formation process”, and “coping with assumptions”. Perspectives of the psychotherapists towards assumptions were analyzed under the categories of “the impact of assumptions on the process”, “inferences”, and “recommendations.” The findings obtained were discussed and compared with the literature.

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