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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 9; Sayı: 21>> Özet
TAM METİN
Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi; 2021;9(21):735-752
Duygusal Bağlamda Nötr Uyaranlara İlişkin Epizodik Bellek Süreçleri
S Söylemez, A Kapucu
Celal Bayar Üniversitesi, Manisa
Duygu yüklü uyaranlar bellekte, hem daha ayırıcı ve belirgin olmaları hem de evrimsel ve biyolojik öneme sahip olmaları nedeniyle nötr uyaranlardan farklı şekilde işlenmektedir. Epizodik bellek, olayların birbirleriyle ilişkili şekilde hatırlanması sürecine dayanmaktadır. Günlük hayatta da epizodik anıların yapısı gereği, duygu yüklü ve nötr uyaranlara ayrı ayrı değil birlikte maruz kalınmaktadır. Dolayısıyla duygu yüklü uyaranlar etraftaki nötr uyaranlarla ilişkili hale gelmekte ve bu uyaranların işlenme süreçlerini etkilemektedir. Duygu yüklü uyaranların nötr uyaranlara ilişkin epizodik bellek süreçlerini nasıl etkilediği duygusal epizodik bellek alanyazınında yaygın şekilde araştırılan bir konudur. Mevcut alanyazında söz konusu bu etkinin her durumda güçlendirici veya her durumda zayıflatıcı olduğunu savunan yaklaşımların yanı sıra seçici olduğunu ileri süren yaklaşımlar da bulunmaktadır. Bu seçici etki duygunun nötr uyarana ilişkin belleği bazı durumlarda güçlendirirken bazı durumlarda zayıflattığını vurgulamaktadır. Ek olarak, duygu yüklü uyaranların etraftaki nötr uyaranlara ilişkin uyaran (item) belleğinin yanı sıra bu uyaranlarla kurulan bağlantısal (associative) bellek süreçleri üzerinde de etkileri bulunmaktadır. Mevcut çalışmalar duygu yüklü uyaranların uyaran belleğini ve bağlantısal belleği farklı şekilde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Özetle, bu derleme çalışmasında duygusal epizodik bellek alanyazınına nötr uyaranlar ekseninde bakılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla duygu yüklü uyaranların etraftaki nötr uyaranlara ilişkin epizodik bellek süreçlerini ne şekilde etkilediği kapsamlı şekilde incelenmiştir.
Episodic Memory Processes for Neutral Stimuli in the Emotional Context
Emotional stimuli are processed differently in memory with respect to neutral stimuli; because they are more distinct, salient, and biologically significant. Episodic memory is about remembering the events as related to each other. In everyday life, because of the nature of episodic memories, emotional and neutral stimuli are exposed together, not separately. Thus, emotional stimuli become related to nearby neutral stimuli and affect their processing. In the emotional episodic memory literature, how emotional stimuli affect episodic memory processes about neutral stimuli has been widely studied. In addition to the approaches arguing this effect is either enhancing or weakening, there are also other approaches suggesting that it is selective. This selective effect emphasizes that emotion might enhance or weaken the memory for neutral stimuli with respect to different occasions. In addition to the item memory for nearby neutral stimuli, emotional stimuli have effects on the associative memory established with these stimuli. Research has shown that emotional stimuli affect item and associative memory in different ways. In summary, this review tries to analyze emotional episodic memory literature in the scope of neutral stimuli. For this aim, how emotional stimuli affect episodic memory for nearby neutral stimuli is evaluated extensively.Among those, 26 were in the GABRA4 gene, 22 in the FOXP2 gene, 13 in the KATNAL2 gene, and 8 in the GRIN2B gene. Twenty three of these 69 variants were novel that were not previously reported in the literature.

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