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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 9; Sayı: 20>> Özet
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Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi; 2021;9(20):433-451
Yaygın Yeme Bozukluklarında Aile Odaklı ve Farkındalık Temelli Terapiler ile Diyalektik Davranış Terapisi
S Eltan, ED Merdan-Yıldız, GB Kumpasoğlu, G Erden
Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara
Yeme bozuklukları, bireylerin bedenlerine yönelik çarpıtılmış algılarını ve düzensiz yeme alışkanlıklarını içeren bir tanı grubudur. Çeşitli tıbbi sorunları beraberinde getiren yeme bozukluğunda tamamen iyileşmenin güç olduğu ve yüksek oranlarda hastalığın tekrarladığı bilinmektedir. Erken tanı ve tedavinin öneminin sıkça vurgulandığı yeme bozukluklarında uygulanan tedavi yönteminin etkililiği ve tanıya uygunluğu da oldukça önemlidir. Bu nedenle, günümüzde pratikte de yaygınlaşan güncel psikoterapi yaklaşımlarının yeme bozuklukları alt türleri ile nasıl çalışılabileceği, psikolojik sağlık hizmeti veren uzmanlar tarafından buna dair bilgilerin öğrenilmesi ve değerlendirilmesi önemli bir konudur. Bu derleme çalışmasında, yaygın yeme bozukluğu tanılı bireylerle çalışılırken dikkate alınması gereken güncel terapi yaklaşımları aktarılmıştır. Aile odaklı terapi, farkındalık temelli terapiler ve diyalektik davranış terapisinin yeme bozukluğu olgularıyla çalışma yöntemleri, başlıca teknikleri ve terapi hedefleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Ayrıca, bu yaklaşımların etkililiği incelendiğinde alanyazındaki etkililik çalışmalarının hem sayıca hem de yöntemsel kısıtlılıkları göze çarpmıştır. Buna rağmen bu yöntemlerin farklı uygulamalar içermeleri ve yeme bozukluğu belirtilerini azaltmaları yönünden tercih edilebilir yaklaşımlar olduğu düşünülmüştür.
Family-Based Therapies, Mindfullnes-Based Therapies and Dialectical Behavior Therapy in CommonEating Disorders
Eating disorders are characterized by individuals' distorted perceptions and irregular eating habits. Evidence obtained from clinical practices shows that eating disorders bring along various medical problems, and complete recovery is difficult; thus, relapse rates are high. In eating disorders, the importance of early diagnosis and treatment is emphasized; however, the effectiveness and suitability of the treatment method are also crucial. Accordingly, increasing knowledge about the contemporary psychotherapy approaches used in the treatment of eating disorders subtypes is significant for those who work in the field of mental health. In this review, contemporary therapy approaches that should be taken into consideration when working with individuals diagnosed with eating disorders are presented. Family-based therapies, mindfulness-based therapies, and dialectical behavioral therapies are emphasized with their underlying assumptions about eating disorders as well as their main techniques and therapy goals. In addition, effectiveness of these approaches was examined, and previous studies are found to be limited based on their amount and methodology. However, these psychotherapies were considered as useful approaches in terms of reducing the symptoms of eating disorders and providing different methods in treatment.

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