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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 9; Sayı: 20>> Özet
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Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi; 2021;9(20):274-289
Görme Engelli Bireylerde Algılanan Sosyal Destek ve Psikolojik İyiOluş Üzerine Nitel Bir Çalışma
F Ağzıtemiz, EZ Kasap, ÖY Alkar
Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi, Ankara
Sosyal destek, sorunlarla baş etmeyi kolaylaştıran ve hayat kalitesini yükselten önemli bir kaynaktır. Bu çalışma farklı sosyal destek biçimlerinin Türkiye’de yaşayan görme engelli bireylerde nasıl algılandığını (olumlu ya da olumsuz) ve bu bireylerin psikolojik iyi oluşlarına etkisini incelemektedir. Çalışmada nitel analiz yöntemlerinden yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler kullanılmış ve Ankara’da yaşayan, 18 yaş üstü (M = 28, SD = 6,34), 21 gönüllü (11 kadın, 10 erkek) görme engelli katılımcıyla yürütülmüştür. Tematik analiz sonucunda 4 ana temaya ulaşılmıştır: Gören dünyanın merkeziyeti, olumsuz sosyal destek, olumlu sosyal destek ve erişilebilirlik. En sık tekrarlanan alt temalar, olumsuz sosyal destek ve gören dünyanın merkeziyeti ana temaları altında toplanmış; katılımcıların çoğu bağımsız yaşayabilmenin etkilerine değinmiştir. Bununla birlikte toplumda bilgi eksikliğinden ve yardım etme isteği altında yapılan müdahalelerin olumsuz etkilerinden sıkça bahsedilmiştir. Diğer bir yandan katılımcılar karşılıklı destek, görmeme durumunun eksiklik değil farklılık olarak algılanması gibi durumları da olumlu algılanan sosyal destek türleri içinde sunmuşlardır.
Perceived Social Support and Psychological Well-being among Visually Impaired Individuals: A Qualitative Study
Social support is an important resource which facilitates coping and raises the quality of life. This study examines how different forms of social support are perceived by the visually impaired individuals living in Turkey (positive or negative), and the impact on these individuals’ psychological well-being. This qualitative phenomenological study is conducted by semi-structured interview techniques and 21 visually impaired and volunteer (11 female, 10 male) adults over 18 years (M = 28, SD = 6,34) who live in Ankara participated in the study. Data were analysed using thematic content analysis. There were 4 main themes: Centrality of the sighted world, negative social support, positive social support, and accessibility. The most frequently repeated sub themes were gathered under the main themes of negative social support and centrality of the sighted world; the majority of the participants mentioned the effect of living independently. Moreover, the lack of information in society and the negative effects of interference under the will to help are frequently mentioned. On the other hand, the sub themes of mutual support, perceiving blindness as a difference, not a deficiency were presented under the main theme of positive social support.

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