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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 34; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Düşünen Adam: Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi; 2021;34(1):73-82
Tip-1 diyabet tanılı çocukların davraniş özellikleri ve aile tutumlarının diyete uyum sorunu üzerine etkisi
O Onen, O Nalbantoglu, H O Erkuran, S Y Sapmaz, M Erbas, G Arslan, B Ozkan
University of Health Sciences Izmir Dr. Behcet Uz Children’s Research and Training Hospital,Izmir
Amaç: Diyabeti olan çocuk ve ergenlerin diyete uyumdaki zorlukları davranışsal özellikleri ve aile tutumları ile bağlantılı olabilir. Bu çalışmada davranış özellikleri, T1DM tanısı konan çocuklarda aile tutumları ve diyete uyum (glisemik kontrol) arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: T1DM tanılı 7-18 yaşları arasında 54 olgu ve 47 kontrol ebeveynleri ile birlikte dahil edildi. Pediatrik Endokrinoloji Polikliniği’nde HbA1c düzeyleri 7.5'tan yüksek (zayıf diyet uyumu) ve 7.5'in altında (diyet uyumu iyi) saptanan olgular çalışmaya sırasıyla vaka ve kontrol grubu olarak dahil edilmiştir.Çocuk ve ergen psikiyatrisi polikliniğinde her iki grup ile psikiyatrik değerlendirme görüşmesi yapılmıştır.Sosyodemografik veriler ve diyabetle ilişkili değişkenler, Güçler ve Güçlükler Anketi (GGA) ve Anne Baba Tutum Ölçeği (ABTÖ) skorları hakkında veriler kaydedilmiştir. Bulgular: Olgularda karbonhidrat sayısımına kıyasla standart diyet uygulaması oranları daha yüksek bulunmuştur.Olgu grubunda dekompansasyondan önce kan glukoz ölçümü ve insülin dozlarını ihmal etme oranı ve stres öyküsünün yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Psikiyatrik tanı oranı(%26.2) genel literatüre benzerdi ve kombine tanı daha seyrekti. Hastaneye yatış ve hipoglisemik ataksıklığı diyet uyumu bozuk olan grupta daha yüksekti. Diyet uyumu bozuk olan grupta ebeveyn denetimi daha fazla ve ebeveynlerin çocuğun akran ilişkilerine dair algısı diyete uyumu iyi olan gruba göre daha kötüydü. Sonuç: Hastalığın akut komplikasyon riskini azaltmak ve uzun süreli kronik sekellerini önlemek için, çocuğun olumlu ve olumsuz davranış özelliklerinin ve ebeveyn tutumunun belirlenmesi önemlidir. Diyet uyumunu sağlamada çocuğun özerkliğini destekleyen ebeveyn rolü anahtar faktörler arasındadır.
Behavioral characteristics of children with type-1 diabetes and the effect of family attitudes on dietary adherence problems
Objective: Assessing the behavioral characteristics and family attitudes of children and adolescents in diabetes is linked to determining the reasons for difficulties in dietary adherence. Our aim was to assess the relationship between behavioral characteristics, family attitudes in children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), and the dietary adherence and glycemic control. Method: Fifty-four patients T1DM patients and 47 controls aged 7-18 years were included in the study together with their parents. Among the patients diagnosed with T1DM followed in the Pediatric Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic, those with high HbA1c levels (with poor dietary compliance) and those with a HbA1c level below 7.5 (with good dietary compliance) were included in the study as the patient and control group, respectively. A psychiatric assessment interview was conducted with both groups. Sociodemographic data and information on diabetes-related variables, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and Parental Attitude Scale scores were recorded. Results: We have found higher standard diet application rates in patients compared to regular carbohydrate count. The patient group had higher odds of neglecting blood glucose measurement, insulin doses, and a history of stress before decompensation. The rate of psychiatric diagnosis was 26.2%, similar to the general literature, and combined diagnoses were less frequent. Hospital admissions and hypoglycemic episodes were observed at a higher rate in the group that had problems in dietary adherence. Compared to those with good dietary compliance, patients in the dietary non-adherence group had a higher level of parental control and poorer parental perception of their children’s peer relationships. Conclusion: To reduce the risk of acute complications of the disease and to prevent long-term chronic sequelae, it is important to identify positive and some negative behavioral characteristics of child and parental attitudes. Parental role is among the key factors in supporting the autonomy of the child in ensuring dietary compliance.

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