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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 32; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2021;32(1):56-60
Klozapinle İlişkili Miyokardit Erken Tanısı için C-Reaktif Protein ve Troponin Takibi Yapılmalı mı? İki Olgu Çerçevesinde BirDeğerlendirme
ÖD Balaban, Z Parsanoğlu, Ö Arıkan, Ö Gül
Bakırköy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Ruh Sağlığı ve Sinir Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İstanbul
Klozapin, tedaviye dirençli şizofreni ve bipolar bozukluk tanılı hastalarda önemli bir tedavi seçeneğidir. Klozapinin sistemik birçok yan etkisi bulunmakta; miyokardit ve kardiyomiyopati, kardiyovasküler alandaki ciddi yan etkiler olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Klozapinle ilişkili myokarditin etiyolojisi halen bilinmemekle beraber, sıklıkla klozapin kullanımının erken evrelerinde meydana gelmesi tip 1 ilaç hipersensitivitesinin bu duruma yol açtığını düşündürmektedir. Nadir olmasına rağmen, bu kardiyovasküler yan etkiler hayatı tehdit edici nitelikte olabilmekte, hemen tanınmaları ve tedavi edilmeleri gerekmektedir. Bu durumların klinik görünümünün özgül olmaması, hem riski değerlendirme hem de bu yan etkilerin geliştiği hastaları tanımada güçlük yaratmaktadır. Kılavuzlarda, bu kardiyak durumlar ile ilgili klinik şüphe olmayan hastaların izlemi ile ilgili fikir birliği henüz oluşmamıştır. Bu yazıda klozapin kullanımına bağlı gelişen iki miyokardit olgusunu bildirmeyi ve güncel klozapin izlem protokollerine uyumlu olarak C-reaktif protein ve troponin düzeyini izlemenin, herhangi bir belirti ya da bulgusu olmayan hastalarda miyokardit erken tanısında kullanışlı ve pratik bir yöntem olabileceğini vurgulamayı amaçladık. Ek olarak, klozapin ile tedavi sürecinde, ek olarak lityum ve valproat kullanımı ve polifarmasi gibi kardiyovasküler yan etkiler ile ilgili risk faktörlerine dikkat çekmeyi amaçladık.
Should C-Reactive Protein and Troponin Be Monitored for Early Diagnosis of Clozapine Induced Myocarditis? An AssessmentWithin the Framework of Two Cases
Clozapine is an important treatment option in patients with treatmentresistant schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Clozapine has multiple systemic side effects with myocarditis and cardiomyopathy being considered as serious cardiovascular outcomes. Although the aetiology of myocarditis is still unknown, its frequent occurrence in the early stages of clozapine use suggests that type 1 drug hypersensivity may underlie. Although rare, the cardiovascular side effects can be lifethreatening and must be recognized and treated promptly. The nonspecific clinical presentation of these conditions makes risk evaluation and identification of the affected patients difficult. A consensus has not yet been formed on following up the patients without the suspected clinical cardiac symptoms. In this article we presented two cases of myocarditis associated with clozapine. We aimed to emphasize that C-Reactive Protein and troponin monitoring, in accordance with the current clozapine guidelines, was practical and useful for early detection of myocarditis in asymptomatic patients. We also wanted to draw attention to the factors that may increase the cardiovascular risk such as polypharmacy and concomitant use of lithium and valproate with clozapine.

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