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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 5; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi; 2021;5(1):27-38
Aleksitimi düzeyi farklılaşan üniversite öğrencilerinde duygu yüklü kelimelerin açık ve örtük bellek üzerindeki etkileri
G Özkol, G Pakyürek
Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Samsun
Çalışmanın amacı kelimelerin duygusal yükünün (olumlu, olumsuz ve nötr) aleksitimi düzeyi düşük ve yüksek olarak farklılaşan bireylerde açık ve örtük bellek performansları bakımından incelenmesidir. Çalışmanın ör- neklemini ilk aşamada Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi’nde lisans düzeyinde öğrenim gören, yaşları 18 ile 26 arasında değişen (Ort. = 20.48, S = 1.73) 381 katılımcı; ikinci aşamada ise yaşları 18 ile 26 arasında değişen (Ort. = 21.07, S = 2.21) 95 katılımcı oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcılara ilk aşamada Demografik Bilgi Formu ve Toronto Aleksitimi Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Aleksitimi puanlarına göre düşük ve yüksek düzey puan- larını sağlayan katılımcılar ikinci aşamaya davet edilmiş ve bu aşamada örtük bellek görevi olan kelime kökü tamamlama (KKT) ve açık bellek görevi olan serbest hatırlama (SH) uygulanmıştır. Yapılan 2 (Aleksitimi Düzeyi: düşük ve yüksek) x 3 (Kelimelerin Duygusal Yükü: olumlu, olumsuz, nötr) faktörlü ANOVA’ya göre açık bellek testinde aleksitimi düzeyi açısından anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Aleksitimi düzeyi yüksek katılım- cılar düşük katılımcılara göre daha az kelime hatırlamışlardır. Nötr kelimelerde aleksitimi düzeyine göre an- lamlı bir farklılık bulunmazken; aleksitimi düzeyi yüksek grup aleksitimi düzeyi düşük gruba göre olumlu ve olumsuz kelimeleri nötr kelimelere kıyasla daha az hatırlamıştır. Örtük bellek performansı açısından aleksitimi düzeyi ve kelimelerin duygusal yükü ortak etkisi anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Bulgulara göre aleksitimi düzeyinin açık bellek üzerinde bir bozulmaya yol açtığı fakat örtük bellek üzerinde bir bozulmaya yol açmadığı görül- müştür. Aleksitimi düzeyinin açık bellek ve örtük bellek görevlerinde duygu yüklü kelimeleri hatırlama per- formansındaki etkisi bellek artırım etkisi ve ilgili alanyazın bağlamında tartışılmıştır.
Effects of emotional load of words on explicit and implicit memory in university students who have a different level of alexithymia

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of emotional load of words (positive, negative and neutral) on explicit and implicit memory performances of participants with low and high alexithymia levels. The sam- ple of the study consisted of 381 participants who were undergraduate students studying at Aydin Adnan Menderes University (M = 20.48, S = 1.73), with the age range between 18 and 26, and the second stage was consisted of 95 participants (M = 21,07, S = 2.21) with the age range between 18 and 26. Demographic Infor- mation Form and Toronto Alexithymia Scale were applied to the participants at the first stage. Participants who obtained one standard deviation below and above from Toronto Alexithymia Scale were invited to the second stage. Then the word completion task (implicit memory task) and free recall task (explicit task) were applied. The experimental design was 2 (Alexithymia Level: low and high) x 3 (Emotional Use of Words: positive, negative, neutral) mixed ANOVA. The results showed significant difference between low and high alexithymia on explicit memory task. Participants with high levels of alexithymia remembered fewer words than those with low levels. There was no significant difference in neutral words on the main effect of emotional load according to alexithymia level. However, the group with high alexithymia remembered positive and neg- ative words less than neutral words as compared to low alexithymia group. There was no significant difference in implicit memory performance according to interaction effect of alexithymia level and emotional load. Find- ings showed that high alexithymia level caused a deterioration on explicit memory but did not cause an im- pairment on implicit memory. The effect of alexithymia level on performance of remembering emotional words in explicit memory and implicit memory tasks was discussed in the light of emotional memory enhance- ment effect and related literature. by One-Way Anova Analysis, T-test and Post-Hoc Benferroni test. As a result of the research it is seen that there is a relation between 48-72 months old children’s cognitive style and father involvement.

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