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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 23; Sayı: Ek 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2020;23(Ek 1):72-80
Enfeksiyon hastalıklarının ve pandeminin psikiyatrik yönü: Bir gözden geçirme
A Erdoğan, Ç Hocaoğlu
Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Antalya
Bulaşıcı hastalıklar, mikroorganizmaların neden olduğu ve doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak bir kişiden diğerine bulaşabilen hastalıklardır. Ateşli hastalıklar, sifiliz, brusel- loz, sıtma, Lyme Hastalığı, herpes simpleks virüs, hepati- tler, insan immün yetmezlik virüsü, kuduz ve coronavirus hastalığı (COVID) gibi bulaşıcı hastalıklar direk etkileri veya sebep oldukları komplikasyonlar ile psikiyatrik bul- gulara sebep olabilir. Bulaşıcı hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanılan meflokin ve interferon gibi ilaçlar da psikiyatrik belirtilere sebep olabilirler. Şizofreni gibi bazı psikiyatrik hastalıkların etiyolojisinde influenza A virüsleri ve tokso- plazma gondii paraziti gibi bulaşıcı hastalıklar yer alabilir. Aynı zamanda psikiyatrik hastalıklar bulaşıcı hastalıkların yayılımını kolaylaştırabilir. COVID-19 salgınında gördüğümüz gibi bulaşıcı hastalıkların global olarak yayılması olan pandemi esnasında ve sonrasında, pan- deminin direk etkileri veya pandemi sebebiyle uygulanan karantina ve sosyal izolasyon sebebiyle psikiyatrik belirti- lerin görülme sıklığı artmaktadır. Bu belirtiler arasında depresif belirtiler, uyku bozuklukları, kaygı, obsesif belir- tiler, sinirlilik, yalnızlık duygusu, çaresizlik ve travma sonrası stres belirtileri sayılabilir. Enfeksiyon hastalıkları ve psikiyatrik hastalıklar arasında yüksek komorbidite vardır ve klinisyenler salgınlar ve sonraki dönemlerde bu durumu herzaman göz önünde bulundurmalıdır.
Psychiatric aspect of infectious diseases and pandemic: A review
Infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms and can be transmitted directly or indirectly from one person to another. With direct effects or complications they cause, infectious diseases such as febrile diseases, syphilis, brucellosis, malaria, Lyme Disease, herpes sim- plex virus, hepatitis, human immunodeficiency virus, rabies and coronavirus disease (COVID) can cause psychi- atric symptoms. Medicines such as mefloquine and inter- feron used in the treatment of infectious diseases can also cause psychiatric symptoms. Infectious diseases such as influenza A viruses and toxoplasma gondii para- site can be present in the etiology of some psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia. Psychiatric disorders can also facilitate the spread of infectious diseases. As we have seen in the COVID-19 outbreak, global spread of infectious diseases is called a pandemic. During and after the pandemic, the frequency of psychiatric symptoms increases due to the direct effects of the pandemic or, quarantine and social isolation applied due to the pan- demic. These symptoms include depressive symptoms, sleep disturbances, anxiety, obsessive symptoms, irri- tability, loneliness, helplessness, and post-traumatic stress symptoms. There is a high comorbidity between infectious diseases and psychiatric diseases, and clini- cians should always consider this condition in epidemics and later periods.

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