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Yıl:2016; Cilt: ; Sayı: 25>> Özet
Yansıtma: Psikopatoloji ve Projektif Testler Dergisi; 2016;(25):11-24
Klinik Psikopatolojide Projektif Teknikler: Gelişmeler, Doğrulamalar, Karşıtlıklar
C Chabert (Çeviren: N Sipahi,L Mete)
Klinik psikopatolojide ayrıştırıcı tanı kavramı günümüzde özgün bir çalışma konusu oluşturur: Ancak psikiyatrik sınıflandırmaların temel olarak gruplaması ön görülemez, hatta ikincil olan semptomatik davranışlara bağlı kalır, bu anlamda psikanalitik psikopatolojide araştırma önemli bir yer tutar ve araştırma tekniklerinin gelişimi sayesinde daha incelikli ve geçerli olasılıkları gösterir. Bir kimlik testi ve sınırlar testi olarak kabul edilen Rorschach bireyselleşme süreçlerinin sağlamlığının ve iç ve dış arası yeterli sınır oluşumunun sınanmasına izin verir: Bir yandan, kendilik temsilinin dağılmasına duyarlı; diğer yandan yapılandırma işaretlerini arama, yapılandırıcı referans noktalarını araştırma ve kapsayıcı taslaklara güvenme konusunda da aynı şekilde duyarlı olduğu açığa çıkar. TAT, düşlemsel bir senaryo etrafında bir hikaye oluşturma konusunda düşünce çalışmasını harekete geçiren ilişkilere daha fazla başvurmayı sağlar: Böylece özellikle ödipal çatışma içinde dürtüsel çatışmaların düzenlenmesi konusunda bağ kurma eyleminin kullanımını içerir; ancak biz bu malzemenin depresif ve narsistik sorunsalları yeniden canlandırma üzerindeki etkilerini de biliyoruz. Bu temel sorunsalların eklemlenmesi Rorschach ve TAT'nin ortak çalışması sayesinde, ruhsal işleyişin farklı organizasyon biçimlerini anlamamıza izin veren özgün görünümleri içerisinde analiz edilir. Yazar bu konuyu açıklamak adına, narsistik kişilik ve obsesyonel nevroz arasındaki ayrıştırıcı tanı problemini ortaya koyarak belirli bir psikopatolojik durum sunar.
Projective Techniques in Clinical Psychopathology: Developments, Confirmations, Contradictions
The notion of differential diagnosis constitutes today an original subject of study in clinical psychopathology: whereas psychiatric classifications stay essentially attached to symptomatic behaviors whose grouping remains unpredictable, even secondary, the research in psychoanalytic psychopathology occupies an essential place in this respect, and it demonstrates more and more subtle and pertinent possibilities thanks to the refinement of the investigation techniques. The Rorschach, considered as an identity test and a test of boundaries, allows to put to the test the solidity of individuation processes and the constitution of adequate borders between inside and outside: sensitive on the one hand, to the disintegration of self-representation; on the other hand, it turns out to be just as sensitive when it comes to look for signs of construction, to search for structuring points of reference and to rely on containing outlines. The TAT offers more appeal to relations which mobilize a work of thought in building a story around an imaginary scenario: so it involves making use of a linking activity especially in the arrangement of instinctual conflicts, particularly within the oedipal conflict; but we also know about the effects of this material on the reactivation of depressive and narcissistic problematics. Articulation of these essential problematics is analyzed in its unique configurations, which allows to comprehend different modes of organization of psychical functioning thanks to joint study of the Rorschach and of the TAT. To illustrate this subject, the author presents a specific psychopathological situation, putting the problem of differential diagnostic between narcissistic personality and obsessional neurosis.

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