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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 7; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Ayna Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi; 2020;7(3):297-314
Lacanyen Yaklaşımda Yeni Ruhsal Yapılanmalar ve Vaka Tartışması
A Özkan
Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi, Zonguldak
Freud ensestin yasaklanmasıyla başlayan uygarlığın ruhsal ekonomiler üzerindeki etkisinden söz etmiştir. Ardından Lacan, Freud’a dönüş kapsamındaki çalışmalarında ruhsal yapılanmanın dil ve yasanın temsilcisi olan Başka (Autre) ile ilişkisini ele almıştır. Bu ilişkilenmede Baba-nın-Adı (Nom-du-Père), bastırmayı mümkün kılan ve Başka ile ilişkiyi düzenleyen ilk gösteren olarak yer alır. İçinde yaşanılan kültür ve ruhsal yapılanma arasında sıkı bir ilişki bulunmaktadır. Günümüzde ise içinde yaşanılan kültür ve hâkim olan söylem değişmektedir. Kültürde var olan değişim Melman ve arkadaşları tarafından Yeni Ruhsal Ekonomiler (Nouvelle Économie Psychique - NEP) başlığı altında tartışılmakta ve bu değişimin psikanaliz pratiğindeki yansımaları çalışılmaktadır. Melman, bu değişim kapsamında Başka’ya olan referansın zayıflamasının, onun yerine imkânsızlığı ortadan kaldırarak neredeyse her alana etki edebilen teknolojinin geçmesinin ve sınırsızlığın popülerleşerek tercih edilen bir noktaya gelmesinin ruhsal yapılanmaların arzu ve bastırma yerine jouissance üzerinden şekillenmesine sebebiyet vermekte olduğuna vurgu yapmaktadır. Bu yazıda, Lacanyen kuram çerçevesinde ruhsal yapılanma ele alınarak bir vaka örneği üzerinden günümüzdeki değişimin yansımaları tartışılmıştır. Günümüzde depresyonun deneyimlenme biçimi, Başka’ya referansın azalması sebebiyle simgesel alanda konumlanmakta zorlanma, bu zorlanmaya jouissance ve beden üzerinden çözüm bulma çabaları fakat jouissance içinde sıkışma ve başkaları ile paranoyaklaşan formda ilişkilenme bu yazıda odaklanılan tartışma konularıdır.
The New Psychic Economy in Lacanian Approach and a Case Example
Freud noticed the effect of civilization, which started with the prohibition of incest, on psychic economy. After Freud, Lacan examined the relationship between psychic structure and the Other (Autre) as symbolic order including language and the law in his work on returning to Freud. Name-of-the-Father (Nom-du-Père) is there as the first signifier enabling repression and regulating the relationship with the Other. There is a close relationship between the culture as civilization and psychic structure. Today, the culture and dominant discourse are changing. These changes discussed by Melman under the title of The New Psychic Economy (Nouvelle Économie Psychique – NEP) and its reflections in the practice of psychoanalysis are studied. Melman emphasized that reference to the Other is weakening, the technology eliminates the impossibility, and limitlessness has become popular and more preferred. Consequently, psychic structure is shaped through jouissance instead of repression and desire. In this recent article, some of the reflections of the change to clinical practice were discussed through a case example. The way of experiencing depression today, the difficulty in positioning in the symbolic order due to weak reference to the Other, efforts to find a solution through jouissance and the body but jamming in jouissance, and paranoiac form of relationship with others are focused discussion topics in the article.

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