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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 8; Sayı: 4>> Özet
Psikiyatride Güncel; 2018;8(4):277-285
Anksiyete ve depresyon arasında tanı ve tedavi yönünden ayrım güçlükleri
Ş Pırıldar
Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir
Anksiyete, anksiyete bozukluklarının tanı koydurucu semptomudur. Ancak anksiyete pekçok ruhsal hastalıkta da görülen bir belirtidir. Ank- siyete bozuklukları sıklıkla depresyon ile birlikte görülmektedir. Klinikte anksiyete bozukluğu olan bir kişide depresif belirtilerin görülmesi ve tersi de sıktır. Öte yandan anksiyete bozukluğu ve depresyon tanı ölçütlerinin kısmen örtüşmesi, anksiyete hastalarının depresyon tanısı da almalarına neden olmaktadır. Anksiyete bozukluğu ve depresyonun klinik belirtileri yanı sıra, risk faktörleri, genetik ve biyolojik özellikleri ve tedavi yöntemleri de benzemektedir. Bu örtüşme, distres ve olumsuz affektlerin ortak nörobiyolojik ve genetik özelliklerine bağlı olabilir. Anksiyete ve depresyon belirtilerinin örtüşmesi tanı ve tedaviyi güçleştirir. Bu durumda ilk basamak dikkatli ve kapsamlı bir değerlendirmedir. Bu yazıda örtüşen belirtilere yönelik farmakolojik ve psikososyal tedaviler ve anksiyete ve depresyon belirtilerini etkin şekilde iyileştirmeye yönelik tedavilerin bütünleştirilmesi ele alınacak, depresyon ve anksiyete bozukluklarında örtüşen belirtiler, tanı, ayırıcı tanı ve tedavi yakla- şımları anlatılacaktır.
Difficulties in differential diagnosis and treatment issues between anxiety and depression
Anxiety is the basic symptom of anxiety disorders, expectedly. On the other hand, anxiety can be seen in many other psychiatric disorders, as well. Depression and anxiety may often accompany. In clinical practice, depressive symptoms can often be seen in a patient with anxiety disorder, and vice versa. What’s more, classification criteria of anxiety disorder and depression coincide partly which causes diagnosis with depression too, in anxiety patients. Anxiety disorder and depression share similar signs, as well as similar risk factors, genetical and biological characteristics and treatment methods. This overlap may be due to common neurobiological and genetical characteristics of distress and negative affects. Overlap of anxiety and depression symptoms complicates the diagnosis and renders treatment challenging. A vital step in treatment of such condition is careful and comprehensive diagnostic assessment. A comprehensive approach is the main step for these difficult to distinguish patients. Psychosocial and pharmacological approaches for treatment of overlapping symptoms and mixed states and comprising integration of various psychosocial approaches and pharmacological interventions towards effectively treating anxiety and depressive symptoms will be discussed and common signs and symptoms of depression and anxiety, and their diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment methods will be mentioned in this article.

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