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Yıl:2019; Cilt: 30; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2019;30(3):163-171
Lityumun Kalsiyum ve Parathormon Düzeyi Üzerine Etkisi: Sağlıklı Kontrollerle Karşılaştırmalı Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
ÖK Tunçel, F Akdeniz, SS Özbek, G Kavukçu, GÜ Kocabaş
Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir
Amaç: Lityum ile ilişkili hiperparatiroidi (LİH) pek çok olumsuz tabloya neden olabilmekteyken yeteri kadar üzerinde durulan bir yan etki değildir. Bu çalışmanın amacı lityumun kalsiyum ve parathormon üzerine etkisini ve LİH ile tiroid hastalıkları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışmaya, lityum kullanan 87 bipolar bozukluk tanılı hasta ve lityum grubu ile yaş ve cinsiyet açısından benzer 65 sağlıklı gönüllü alınmıştır. Katılımcıların kalsiyum, intakt parathormon, fosfor, magnezyum, alkalen fosfataz, serbest tiroksin, tiroid stimule edici hormon, tiroid antikorları ve kreatinin düzeyleri belirlenmiş; ultrasonografi ile paratiroid ve tiroid incelemeleri yapılmıştır. İlk ölçümlerde kalsiyum ve/veya parathormon düzeyi yüksek saptananlarda ölçümler tekrarlanmış, ayrıntılı ileri inceleme yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Düzeltilmiş kalsiyum ve parathormon medyan değerlerinin, lityum grubunda daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Kalsiyum düzeyi ile lityum kullanım süresi arasında zayıf bir ilişki saptanmıştır. İlk ölçümlerde lityum kullanan 11 hastanın düzeltilmiş kalsiyum ve/veya parathormon düzeyi yüksek saptanmışken kontrol grubundakilerin sonuçları olağan sınırlar içindeydi. İleri araştırma sonucunda LİH tanısı konan beş hastanın hepsine tiroid hastalığı tanısı da konmuştur. Sonuç: Bu bulgular lityum tedavisi ile kalsiyum ve parathormon düzeylerinin ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. LİH prevalansının %5,7 olması ve LİH’in ölümcül dahi olabilen olumsuz sonuçları göz önünde bulundurulduğunda erken tanıyı kolaylaştırabilecek ve ucuz bir yöntem olan kalsiyum düzeyi taramalarının düzenli aralıklarla yapılması önerilmektedir.
The Effects of Lithium on Calcium and Parathormone Levels: A Cross-sectional Study with Healthy Controls
Objective: Despite lithium associated hyperparathyroidism (LAH) can lead to many complications, little notice has been paid to this sideeffect. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of lithium on calcium and parathyroid hormone levels and the relation between lithium use and thyroid diseases. Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out with 87 lithiumtreated patients and 65 volunteers who had a similar age and gender distribution with the lithium group. Serum levels of corrected calcium, intact parathormone, phosphorus, magnesium, alkaline phosphatase, free thyroxine, thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroid autoantibodies and creatinine were assessed, and also, thyroid and parathyroid ultrasonography was conducted. Further detailed investigations were made depending on the elevation of the initially measured calcium and/ or parathormone levels. Results: Median values of serum levels of the corrected calcium and the intact parathormone were significantly higher in the lithium group. Calcium levels had a mild correlation with the duration of lithium treatment. In the first assessment, while all control individuals had values within the normal reference range, 11 lithium-treated patients had corrected calcium and/or intact parathormone levels above the normal reference levels. All of the five patients, who were diagnosed with LAH after further investigation, were also diagnosed with a thyroid disorder. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that lithium treatment has a relationship with calcium and parathormone levels. The 5.7% prevalence of LAH and potential life-threatening conditions associated with LAH necessitates the use of available low-cost methods to monitor blood calcium levels of lithium-treated patients for early diagnosis.

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