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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 6; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
The Journal of Happiness and Well-Being; 2018;6(2):78-95
Ergenlerde İyimserlik-Kötümserlik Ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi: Geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalışması
H Çalışkan, E Uzunkol
Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sakarya
Araştırmada, ergenlerin (11-16 yaş) iyimserlik ve kötümserlik düzeylerini belirlemek üzere bir İyimserlikKötümserlik Ölçeği geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Öncelikle, iyimserlik ile ilgili alan yazın taranarak 32 maddenin yer aldığı bir madde havuzu oluşturulmuştur. 30 öğrenci ile yapılan ön uygulamadan sonra gerekli düzenlemeler yapılarak beşli Likert tipinde 30 maddelik bir ön form geliştirilmiştir. AFA çalışmaları için 494 (%50.6 kız, %49.4 erkek), ölçüt-bağıntılı geçerlik çalışmaları için 118 (%48.3 kız, %51.7 erkek), DFA çalışmaları için 501 (%48.5 kız, %51.5 erkek) ve test tekrar test çalışmaları için 74 (%55.4’ükız, %44.6’sı erkek) olmak üzere toplam 1.187 ortaokul öğrencisi çalışmaya katılmıştır. AFA sonucunda ölçeğin toplam varyansın %43.24’ünü açıklayan 16 madde ve iyimserlik-kötümserlik olmak üzere 2 faktörden oluşan bir yapı ortaya koyulmuştur. DFA sonucunda elde edilen model uyum indekslerinin ve tüm sonuçların temel ölçütleri oldukça iyi düzeyde karşıladığından yapının kuramsal ve istatistiksel açıdan da uygun olduğu doğrulanmıştır. Güvenirlik çalışmaları sonucunda, Cronbach Alfa güvenirlik katsayıları, iyimserlik için .86, kötümserlik için .82 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, yapılan analizlerden elde edilen bulgular, ergenlere (11-16 yaş) yönelik 30 madde ve 2 faktörden oluşan ölçeğin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu kanıtlamaktadır.
Developing an Optimism-Pessimism Scale in adolescents: Validity and reliabilitystudy
The purpose of this study was to develop an optimism-pessimism scale to determine the levels of optimism and pessimism in adolescents aged 11 to 16 years old. First, an item pool of optimism composed of 32 items was formed. Two items were subsequently removed from the scale. After a pilot research with 30 students, necessary arrangements were made and a preliminary questionnaire of 30 items with a five-point Likert style was developed. A total of 1,187 secondary school students participated in the research: 494 students participated in DFA analysis (50.6% female and 49.4% male); 118 students participated in criterion-related validity (48.3% female and 51.7% male); 501 students participated in the CFA (48.5% female and 51.5% male) and 74 students participated in test-retest analysis (55.4% female and 44.6% male). As a result of the analysis, a structure consisting of 16 items and two factors explaining 43.24% of the total variance of the scale was obtained. By examining the standardized loading and regression values of the items, it was decided that all the items were meaningful in both factors. As a result of the reliability analysis, the Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficients are .86 for optimism and .82 for pessimism. In conclusion, the findings obtained from the analyses demonstrate that the scale consisting of 30 items and 2 factors for adolescents (aged 11-16 years) is a valid and reliable measurement tool.

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