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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 9; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi; 2018;9(2):80-87
Şizofreni hastalarında aile ortamı, içselleştirilmiş damgalanma ve yaşam kalitesi
EK Özçelik, A Yıldırım
Muş Devlet Hastanesi, Muş
Amaç: Bu araştırma şizofreni hastalarında aile ortamı, içselleştirilmiş damgalanma ve yaşam kalitesini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı türde olan araştırma Erzincan Devlet Hastanesi Psikiyatri Polikliniği’nde DSM-IV-TR (Amerikan Psikiyatri Birliği, 2000) ölçütlerine göre şizofreni tanısı alan, klinik remisyonda olup ayaktan izlenen 51 hasta ve 51 hasta yakını ile Aralık 2011-Şubat 2012 tarihleri arasında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın verileri tanımlayıcı soru formu, Aile Ortamı Ölçeği, Ruhsal Hastalıklarda İçselleştirilmiş Damgalanma Ölçeği ve Dünya Sağlık Örgütü Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği-Kısa Formu Türkçe Versiyonu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmada hastalar (43.94±8.20, 27.10±5.59) ve hasta yakınlarının (46.29±6.72, 26.57±4.30) aile ortamında kişilerarası ilişkiler ve kontrol puan ortalamaları arasında önemli bir fark olmadığı belirlenmiştir (p>0.05). Hastaların Ruhsal Hastalıklarda İçselleştirilmiş Damgalanma Ölçeği toplam (76.12±17.15) ve alt ölçekler puan ortalaması Yabancılaşma (15.63±4.41), Kalıp Yargıların Onaylanması (18.24±4.20), Algılanan Ayrımcılık (13.67±4.09), Damgalanmaya Karşı Direnç (12.35±3.36) ve Sosyal Geri Çekilme (16.24±5.21); Dünya Sağlık Örgütü Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği-Kısa Formu alanları puan ortalaması ise bedensel (12.00±2.75), ruhsal (11.11±3.02), sosyal (9.15±3.72) ve çevresel (11.56±2.61) olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Bu araştırmada hastalar ve hasta yakınlarının aile ortamında kişilerarası ilişkiler ve kontrol algıları arasında bir fark olmadığı, hastaların orta düzeyin üzerinde içselleştirilmiş damgalanma algıladığı, yaşam kalitesi değerlendirmelerinin orta düzeyde olduğu; içselleştirilmiş damgalanma algı düzeyi arttıkça yaşam kalitesi alanlarının önemli düzeyde azaldığı, kişilerarası ilişkiler ve kontrol algılarının ise pozitif yönde önemli düzeyde arttığı belirlenmiştir. Psikiyatri hemşirelerinin aile ortamı, içselleştirilmiş damgalanma gibi hastaların depreşme ve iyileştirimini etkileyen faktörleri değerlendirip, karar verme becerisini ve benlik saygısını artırarak hastaların yaşam kalitesinin iyileşmesine önemli katkı sağlayan programları geliştirip uygulaması önemlidir.
Schizophrenia patients’ family environment, internalized stigma and quality of life
Objectives: This descriptive study was performed to determine the family environment, internalized stigma and the quality of life of schizophrenia patients. Methods: This study was performed between December 2011 and February 2012 with 51 outpatients and 51 patient relatives who were diagnosed with schizophrenia under DSM-IV-TR (American Psychiatric Association, 2000) and who were being monitored in clinical remission at the outpatient psychiatry clinic of Erzincan State Hospital. The study data were collected using a descriptive questionnaire, the Family Environment Scale (FES), the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale and the Abbreviated Turkish Version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire. Results: This study found no significant difference between the mean scores of the patients and their relatives’ interpersonal relationships (43.94±8.20, 27.10±5.59) and control (46.29±6.72, 26.57±4.30) in the family environment (p>0.05). The patients’ mean score on the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale was 76.12±17.15. On its subscales, they were: alienation (15.63±4.41), stereotype endorsement (18.24±4.20), perceived discrimination (13.67±4.09), stigma resistance (12.35±3.6) and social withdrawal (16.24±5.21). and the patients’ perceptions of quality of life were: physical (12.00±2.75), mental (11.11±3.02), social (9.15±3.72), and environmental (11.56±2.61). Conclusion: This study found no difference between the patients and their relatives’ perceptions of interpersonal relationships and control. The patients perceived internalized stigma above the moderate level. Their quality of life evaluations were at a moderate level. As their perceived internalized stigma level went up, their quality of life areas significantly decreased, and their perception of interpersonal relationships and control in the family environment increased significantly in the positive direction. It is important that psychiatric nurses assess the factors that affect patients’ relapses and treatment such as family environment and internalized stigma. They should also develop and implement programs

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