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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 9; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi; 2018;9(2):119-128
Yönetici hemşirelerin kişilik özellikleri ve etkileyen kişisel ve mesleki özellikler
H Alan, U Baykal
İstanbul Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Amaç: Yöneticilerin kişiliği, onun nasıl düşündüğünü, gerçeği nasıl algıladığını, diğerleriyle nasıl bir ilişki içinde bulunduğunu gösterirken karar alma ve sorun çözme biçimini de etkilemektedir. Hemşirelik mesleğinde liderlik özellikleri ve yönetici özellikleri üzerine birçok çalışma bulunmasına rağmen kişilik özellikleri ile ilgili yeterli verinin olmaması nedeniyle; bu araştırma, yönetici hemşirelerin kişilik özelliklerini ve bunları etkileyen kişisel ve mesleki özellikleri belirlemek amacıyla tanımlayıcı tipte gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmanın evrenini, Marmara Bölgesindeki illerde bulunan kamu hastaneler birliğine bağlı hastaneler, üniversitelere bağlı araştırma ve uygulama hastaneleri ve özel hastanelerde çalışan yönetici pozisyonlarındaki hemşireler oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın örneklemini ise (özel dal hastaneleri çalışma dışında tutularak) çalışmanın yapılmasına izin veren hastanelerde görevli yönetici hemşireler oluşturmuştur. Araştırma verileri, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurul Başkanlığından etik kurul onayı (Onay tarihi; 07.01.2015, karar no; 2015-01) ve araştırma kapsamına alınan hastanelerin kurum yönetimlerinden yazılı resmi izinler alındıktan sonra toplanmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri “Beş Faktör Kişilik Envanteri” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Çalışma verilerinin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistiksel metotlardan ortalama (ort.), standart sapma (SS); gruplar arası karşılaştırmalarda tek yönlü varyans analizi; ikili grupların karşılaştırılması bağımsız gruplarda t testi kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar, anlamlılık p<0.05 düzeyinde değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Dokuz yüz yönetici hemşirenin katıldığı çalışmada yönetici hemşireler en yüksek puan ortalamasını özdenetim/sorumluluk faktöründen almışlardır (Ort.±SS=4.22±0.35). Bu boyutu sırasıyla yumuşak başlılık faktörü (Ort.±SS=4.06±0.40), gelişime açıklık faktörü (Ort.±SS=4.05±0.37), dışadönüklük faktörü (Ort.±SS=3.50±0.43), duygusal tutarsızlık faktörü (Ort.±SS=2.07±0.53) puan ortalamaları izlemiştir. Yaş, cinsiyet, medeni hal, eğitim düzeyi, çalışılan kurum, mesleki deneyim, kurumsal deneyim, yöneticilik deneyimi, yönetici pozisyonu, çalışılan birim ve yöneticilik eğitimi alma durumunu ifade eden bağımsız değişkenler beş faktör kişilik envanteri ile karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklar bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, yönetici hemşireler kendilerini özdenetimi yüksek kişilik özelliğine sahip olarak tanımlamışlardır. Beş faktör kişilik envanteri faktör puan ortalamaları kişisel ve mesleki özelliklerle karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklar bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Anahtar Sözcükler: Kişisel özellikler; kişilik özellikleri; mesleki özellikler; yönetici hemşire.
Personality characteristics of nurse managers: The personal and professional factors that affect their performance
Objectives: Managers’ personalities indicate how they think, perceive reality, and relate to others; these qualities affect their decision making and problem-solving methods. Although there are many studies of leadership and managerial characteristics in the nursing profession, there is a lack of adequate data about personality characteristics. This descriptive study aims to determine the personal characteristics of nurse managers and the personal and professional factors that affect them. Methods: The study population consisted of nurses working in administrative positions at hospitals affiliated with the public hospitals union, in research, and in practice hospitals affiliated with universities and private hospitals in cities in the Marmara Region. The final study sample consisted of nurse managers working in the hospitals that gave permission to conduct the study (excluding the private branch hospitals). The data were collected after obtaining the approval of the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University (Approval date: 1.7.2015, Decision No: 2015-01) and written official permission from the administrations of the hospitals included in the study. The data were collected using the Five Factor Personality Inventory. The data analysis was carried out using means and standard deviations (SD) as descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance for inter-group comparisons, and the independent samples t-test for paired group comparisons. A significance threshold of p<0.05 was used to evaluate the findings. Results: The study included 900 nurse managers; they obtained the highest mean score on the conscientiousness dimension (Mean±SD=4.22±0.35). This dimension was followed by their mean scores on the agreeableness (Mean±SD=4.06±0.40), intelligence (Mean±SD=4.05±0.37), extroversion (Mean±SD=3.50±0.43), and emotional instability (Mean±SD=2.07±0.53) dimensions. Statistically significant differences were found between the independent variables of age, gender, marital status, education level, work institution, professional experience, institutional experience, managerial experience, administrative position, work unit, and managerial education when compared using the fivefactor personality inventory (p<0.05). Conclusion: The nurse managers described themselves as being highly conscientious. Statistically significant differences were found between the five-factor personality inventory mean scores and personal and professional characteristics. Keywords: Nurse manager; personal characteristics; personality; professional characteristics.

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