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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 3; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Psikoloji Özel Dergisi; 2018;3(1):42-52
Engellilerin Bağımsız Yaşayabilme ve Topluma Dâhil Olma Hakkı: Ayrışma-Bireyleşme Süreci ve Psikolojik İyilik Hali
B Ünal, T Gençöz
Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara
Psikodinamik aile kuramının öncülerinden Bowen’ın geliştirmiş olduğu genogramın terapilerde farklı şekillerdeBirleşmiş Milletler Engelli Haklarına İlişkin Sözleşme'de sözü edilen ve Sözleşme'ye taraf olmuş ülkeler tarafından tanınan bağımsız yaşayabilme ve topluma dâhil olma hakkı, engelli bireylerin kendi hayatlarına ilişkin verecekleri kararlarda kontrol ve seçim olanağına sahip olmaları gerekliliğine değinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, öncelikli olarak bağımsız yaşayabilme ve topluma dâhil olma hakkının tanınmasının tarihsel gelişimi, bu hakkın yurt dışında uygulanma şekli ve bu alandaki uygulamaların Türkiye'deki mevcut durumu özetlenmektedir. Çalışmanın bir sonraki bölümünde bu hakkın temelinde bulunan kendi hayatı hakkında karar verebilme ve ihtiyaç duyduğu desteği alarak topluma katılabilme gibi bileşenlerin ya da bunların yokluğunun engelli bireylerin psikolojik iyilik hali üzerindeki etkisi aktarılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, özellikle söz konusu hakkın engelli çocukların ve yetişkinlerin ayrışma-bireyleşme sürecine olası etkileri tartışılmaktadır. Son bölümde ise, bu hakkın engelli bireylerin yaşamındaki önemi vurgulanmakta ve bağımsız yaşamın etkin bir şekilde sağlanabilmesi için öneriler sunulmaktadır.
The Right for Living Independently and Being Included in the Community of People with Disabilities: The Process of Separation-Individuation and Psychological Well-Being
The right for living independently and being included in the community, recognized by the contracting states of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, refers to the necessity of having control and opportunity to choose regarding the decisions that people with disabilities make about their own lives. This study initially summarizes the historical development of the recognition of this right, its enforcement abroad, and its application in Turkey. Following, the relationship between disabled people's having the opportunity to decide and to participate in the society by having the support they need, and their psychological well-being is presented. In this regard, possible effects of this right on the separation-individuation process of children and adults with disabilities are discussed. Lastly, suggestions are offered to ensure independent living, along with the emphasis on the importance of this right on the lives of people with disabilities.

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