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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 29; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2018;29(1):1-10
Yüksek İşlevli Otizm ve Yüksek İşlevli Şizofrenide Bilişsel İşlevler
ÖM Çalışır, EC Atbaşoğlu, HD Özgüven, Ş Ölmez
Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara
Amaç: Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB) ile Şizofreni, patofizyoloji ve klinik görünüm bakımından ortak özelliklere sahiptir. İkisinde de biliş- sel işlev kusurları gösterilmiştir; ancak ikisi de heterojen sendromlardır ve eğitimi ortalamadan yüksek olan hastaları ele alan çalışma azdır. Bu çalışmada, zihinsel gelişim ve sözel iletişimin yeterli olduğu erişkin OSB [Yüksek İşlevli Otizm (YİO)] hastalarının bilişsel işlevleri benzer eğitim düzeyindeki Şizofreni hastalarıyla karşılaştırılmıştır. Yöntem: Eğitimi en az lise düzeyinde olan üç grubun [(YİO, n= 32), Şizofreni (n= 17), kontroller (n= 23)], bilişsel becerileri Wechsler Yetiş- kinler için Zeka Ölçeği (WAIS), Wisconsin Kart Eşleme Testi (WCST) ve Rey İşitsel Sözel Öğrenme Testi (RAVLT) ile değerlendirilmiştir. YİO değerlendirmesinde Yetişkinler için Otizm Spektrumu Bozukluğu Tarama Ölçeği puanları dikkate alınmıştır. Klinik tanılar DSM-IV TR ve DSM-5 ölçütlerine göre konmuştur. Bulgular: Şizofreni ve YİO grupları, WAIS’te Yargılama ve Şifre, WCST’de Perseverasyon ve RAVLT’de öğrenme dışında bütün testlerde benzer performans göstermişlerdir. Sonuç: Yüksek İşlevli Otizmi olan eğitimli erişkinlerin yargılama becerileri sosyal etkileşim içermeyen durumlarda ortalamadan yüksek olabilir. Yeni kavram oluşturma becerisi yeterli iken perseverasyon eğiliminin varlığı, klinik görünümdeki düşünce katılığı ve tekrara yatkınlığı yansıtıyor olabilir. Her iki grupta işlev ve eğitim düzeyinin yüksek olduğu hastaların bilişsel işlevlerinin tanıyla ilişkisi nispeten zayıf görünmektedir; gelişimdeki çevresel etmenler gibi başka değişkenlerle ilişkileri araş- tırılmaya değer olabilir.
Cognitive Features of High-functioning Adults with Autism and Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
Objective: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia share common features in terms of pathophysiology and clinical appearance. Cognitive deficits are also present in both disorders. However, ASD and schizophrenia are heterogeneous syndromes, and few studies have addressed patients with these disorders who have above average educational attainment. In this study, we assessed the cognitive functions of a group of adult ASD patients with adequate mental development and verbal communication skills (High Functioning Autism, HFA) and compared them with a group of Schizophrenia patients matched for level of education. Method: Three groups of patients and controls [(HFA, n= 32), Schizophrenia (n= 17), Controls (n= 23)], all with at least a high school education, were assessed with the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). For the assessment of HFA, scores on the Autism Spectrum Disorders in Adults Screening Questionnaire were taken into consideration. Clinical diagnoses were based on DSM-IV TR and DSM-5 criteria. Results: High Functioning Autism and Schizophrenia groups performed similarly in all subtests except for WAIS Comprehension and Digit Symbol, WCST Perseveration, and RAVLT Learning. Conclusion: Comprehension abilities of educated adults with HFA could be higher than average in situations that do not involve social interaction. Tendency to perseveration in the presence of adequate concept formation ability may reflect the clinical symptoms of rigidity and repetitive behavior. In patients with higher levels of functioning and education, their diagnosis appears to be weakly associated with cognitive functioning. The potential roles of other variables, such as environmental factors, during development deserve further exploration in future studies.

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