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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 1; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Türkiye Bütüncül Psikoterapi Dergisi; 2018;1(1):54-78
İbn Sînâ’nın Nefs Kavramı ve Modern Psikolojideki Ego Kavramının Benlik OlgusuBağlamında Karşılaştırılması
SN Külçe
Üsküdar Üniversitesi, İstanbul
İbn Sina, Batıdaki ismiyle Avicenna, düşünceleriyle kendi zamanının ve coğrafyasının ötesine etki etmiş büyük bir doktor ve filozof olarak başta tıp ve felsefe olmak üzere konusu insan olan birçok pozitif bilimde eserleriyle ismen, düşünceleriyle de gıyaben varlığını sürdürmüş ve sürdürmekte olan bir bilim insanıdır. Batıdan, özellikle Helenistik gelenekten etkilenmiş ve düşüncelerini bu geleneğin öğretilerine temellendirmiş olsa da, beslendiği bu kaynaktan aldığı düşünceleri derinleştirip geliştirerek batı dünyasını derinden etkilemek, birçok düşünüre ve bilim insanına yön vermek suretiyle bir nevi batıdan aldığı borcu tekrar batıya teslim etmiş gibidir. Bu çalışma, genelde batının doğuya, doğunun da batıya olan etkisini; özelde ise doğulu bir bilim insanı ile bazı batılı bilim insanlarının, insan varlığına bakış açısı arasında etkileşim ve benzerlikleri incelemektedir. İbn Sina’nın en önemli teorilerinden biri olan nefs teorisi ile merkezde psikodinamik yaklaşım olmak üzere batılı birtakım psikolog ve psikiyatristlerin ego yaklaşımları karşılaştırılmış; insana dair iki farklı değerlendirme olan nefs ve ego tanımları incelenmiştir. Modern psikolojide ego kavramı hakkında birçok farklı yaklaşım olduğundan, bu kavramın ağırlıklı olarak psikodinamik kuram perspektifinden incelenmesine özen gösterilmiştir. Ayrıca konunun ego-nefs alâkası ve özellikle benzerliği özelinde kalıp dağılmaması için, iki teorinin paralellik gösterdiği ya da kesiştiği noktalar üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışmanın amacı, iki farklı zamanın ve iki farklı coğrafyanın aynı varlığa yaklaşımlarındaki alâkayı ve benzerliği göstermek suretiyle çok boyutlu bir varlık olarak insan gerçeğinin tek bir açıklaması olmayabileceğini ve bu sebeple insanı anlama/anlamlandırma girişimlerinin tek bir perspektiften değil; birçok farklı perspektiften bakılıp bütüncül bir yaklaşımla hareket edildiği takdirde daha sağlıklı ve daha berrak sonuçlara ulaşabileceği imkân ve ihtimaline işaret etmektir
A Comparison of the Nefs in Avicenna and the Ego in Modern Psychology Regarding toTheir Relationship via the Phenomenon of Self
Ibn Sina, also known as Avicenna, is a multi-dimensional and universal thinker. He has broad influence on East and West. He originates his thoughts from Hellenistic era and he inspires from the thoughts to adapt them to Islamic thoughts. However, he reciprocates to the Western culture by contributing their value system. One of the main theory of Avicenna discusses the term “nefs”. The term is compared to the ego which is another term in modern psychology literature. Ego is discussed by many perspectives and there are a vast amount of theories about it. In the paper, ego is discussed regardingly to psychodynamic approaches predominantly. The term of ego and nefs are stands for the term of self in the paper. The paper intends to demonstrate the universal truth of the human being by the aim of revealing the interaction between the West rooted and East rooted knowledge.

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