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Yıl:2017; Cilt: 7; Sayı: 2>> Özet
Psikiyatride Güncel; 2017;7(2):113-122
Anksiyete bozukluklarında ve major depresif bozuklukta bilișsel belirtiler
Mİ Atagün, Ö Aydemir
Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi, Ankara
Anksiyete bozuklukları ve major depresif bozuklukta bilişsel belirtiler hastalıkların psikopatolojisinde yer almaktadır. Anksiyete bozukluklarında bilişsel işlevlerle ilgili görülen en önemli sorun alanı olarak bellek göze çarpmaktadır. Ayrıca anksiyetenin dikkat kaynaklarını meşgul etmesi sebebiyle odaklanma, dikkati sürdürme, başka konuya kaydırma ve bölünmüş dikkat değerlendirmelerinde sorunlar görülmektedir. Major depresif bozuklukta tanı kriterleri arasında bilişsel belirtiler olarak konsantrasyon güçlüğü ve kararsızlık bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca motivasyon eksikliğine bağlı çaba gerektiren görevlerde yetersizlik, bilişsel yetilerde genel azalma, bilişsel strateji gerektiren performansları başlatmada zorlanma, psikomotor işlem hızında yavaşlama gibi dolaylı yoldan ölçütlerde yer alabilecek belirtiler de görülmektedir. Depresyonda bilişsel belirtiler sıcak ve soğuk olarak ele alınmaktadır. Sıcak bilişsel belirtiler duygusal açıdan yüklü uyaranlarla ilişkili durumlarda/ortamlarda gözlenen bilişsel sorunlardır. Soğuk bilişsel belirtiler ise diğer ruhsal bozukluklarda da görüldüğü biçimiyle, duygusal açıdan yansız ve çıktıları motivasyonla ilişkisiz uyaranlarla oluşan bilişlerdir. Bilişsel işlev bozuklukları ruhsal bozukluklarda klinik önem taşıyan bir psikopatoloji bileşenidir. Bu nedenle tedavi planlamasında göz önünde bulundurulmaları tedavi programının başarı şansını artırabilir
Cognitive symptoms in anxiety disorders and major depressive disorder
Cognitive dysfunctions contribute to the psychopathology of anxiety disorders and major depressive disorder. Memory disturbances are the most prominent cognitive domain in anxiety disorders. In addition, anxiety may affect attention resources, and concentrating, sustaining, shifting and dividing attention seem to be disturbed in anxiety disorders. Diagnostic criteria of major depressive disorder include disturbed concentration and indecisiveness. Furthermore, in major depression some symptoms may be indirectly involved with cognitive disturbances such as inability in effort based tasks, general attenuation in cognitive capacity, disturbance in initiating performances that require a cognitive strategy or decreased speed of psychomotor processing. Cognitive symptoms may be grouped as hot and cold cognitive symptoms in depression. Hot cognitive symptoms are cognitive disturbances that are observed in highly emotional conditions. Cold cognitive symptoms are cognitions whose outcomes are not related with motivation or not emotionally biased and are similar with cognitive dysfunctions observed in other mental disorders. Cognitive dysfunction is an important component of psychopathology of mental disorders. Therefore, considering cognitive dysfunction in the treatment plan may enhance the treatment outcome.

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