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Yıl:2017; Cilt: 18; Sayı: 4>> Özet
TAM METİN
Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2017;18(4):330-337
Cinsel saldırı sonrası adli makamlara başvuran olguların ruhsal belirtileri ve travma özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi
MH Yıldırım, R Güvenç
Bakırköy Ruh ve Sinir Hastalıkları Hastanesi, İstanbul
Amaç: Cinsel saldırı sık karşılaşılan, daha çok kadınların maruz kaldığı, ifade edilmesi zor travmatik yaşantılardan biridir. Cinsel saldırı nedeni ile adli makamlara başvuru diğer travmatik olaylara göre daha azdır. Bu araştırmada cinsel saldırı sonrası adli başvurusu olan kişilerin klinik özelliklerinin ve travma özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: 2013-2016 yılları arasında cinsel saldırı sonrası yasal başvurusu olan, Türk Ceza Kanunun 102/5. maddesine göre hastanemize yönlendirilen ve psikoterapi ünitesinden görüş istenen tüm olguların izleme dosyaları geriye dönük olarak değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Sonuçlar: Toplam 109 olgu araştırmaya alınmıştır. Olguların %95.4’ü kadın %4.6’ü erkektir. Olguların %81.7’si tanıdığı birinden cinsel saldırı yaşamış, %96.7’si ruhsal olarak etkilenmiştir. Ruhsal olarak etkilenme oranı, fiziksel şiddet, travma sayısı, travmaya maruz kalınan süre, tedaviye devam önerisi ve psikoterapi görme oranı tanıdığından cinsel saldırı yaşayanlarda daha yüksektir. Saldırganın tutukluluk oranı ve mahkeme aracılığı ile kurumumuza gönderilme oranı saldırganın yabancı olduğu olgularda daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Olguların % 63.3’ünde travma sonrası stres bozukluğu gelişmiştir. Travma sonrası stres bozukluğu gelişiminde akut stres bozukluğu varlığı ve ailenin olaydan haberdar olması yordayıcı olarak saptanmıştır. Tartışma: Tanıdıklarından cinsel saldırı yaşayanlarda daha yüksek oranda olmak üzere adli başvurusu olan cinsel saldırı mağdurlarında ruh sağlığında bozulma oranı yüksektir. Cinsel saldırı sonrası akut stres bozukluğu belirtileri gösteren olgular travma sonrası stres bozukluğu gelişimi açısından riskli gruptur.
Assessment of the assault characteristics and psychiatric symptoms of sexual assault victims who reported to criminal justice system
Objective: Sexual assault a common traumatic experience which is mainly female targeted and hard to be expressed. The number of judicial applications caused by sexual assault is less than other traumatic events. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical and trauma features of sexual assault victims who reported to criminal justice system. Methods: The observation files of cases in the years between 2013 and 2016 who legally consulted to hospital after a sexual assault and cases who were directed to psychotherapy unit due to 102th clause of Turkish Criminal Code were evaluated retrospectively. Results: One hundred and nine cases were taken to the research. 95.4% of cases were female and 4.6% were male. 81.7% of cases are sexually assaulted by acquaintances and 96.7% of them were psychologically affected. It has been found that the perpetrator's ratio of the imprisonment and the ratio of transfer to our institution via the court is higher in cases of foreign perpetrator. 63.3% of cases had post- traumatic stress disorder after the assault. Presence of acute stress disorder and the family who informed about the assault were determined as a predictor. Discussion: Psychiatric symptoms of sexual assault is high, especially higher in the victims that were abused by their acquaintances. The victims who have the symptoms of acute stress disorder after the sexual assault are the risk group considering the development of post-traumatic stress disorder.

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