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Yıl:2016; Cilt: 19; Sayı: Özel>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikoloji Yazıları; 2016;19(Özel):64-75
Basında Kadına Yönelik Şiddet Haberlerinin Ele Alınış Biçimlerinin Karşılaştırılması
BN Aydın, SY Kocagazioğlu, ÖE Arda, ZB Gölge
İstanbul Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Bu çalışma, kadına yönelik şiddet haberlerinin farklı okuyucu kitlelerine ve yayın politikalarına sahip gazetelerde ne şekilde ele alındığını, kadına yönelik şiddete dair yaklaşımda gazeteler arasında fark olup olmadığını araştırmak amacıyla oluşturulmuştur. 2014 yılına ait Birgün, Hürriyet ve Yeni Şafak gazetelerinde yer alan tüm kadına yönelik şiddet haberleri basılı versiyonlarında taranmıştır. Gazetelerin arşivlerine İstanbul Atatürk Kitaplığı’ndan ulaşılmıştır. Gazeteler, yayın politikaları ve buna bağlı olarak farklılaşan okuyucu kitleleri dikkate alınarak seçilmiştir. İncelemede kadına yönelik şiddet haberlerinin sayısı, fotoğraflar, haber başlıkları, mağdura/faile yönelik kullanılan sıfatlar, mağdurun özel hayatıyla ilgili bilgilere yer verilip verilmediği, fail ile mağdurun yakınlık derecesi gibi değişkenler açısından haberler değerlendirilmiştir. 2014 yılında Birgün gazetesinde 117, Hürriyet gazetesinde 219, Yeni Şafak gazetesinde 41, toplam 377 kadına yönelik şiddet haberi yer almaktadır. Mağdurların %73’ünün yakın partnerleri tarafından saldırıya uğradığı görülmektedir. Saldırıların %65.5’i ölümle, %21’i yaralamayla sonuçlanmıştır ve %13.5’i cinsel niteliklidir. Ölümle sonuçlanan saldırıların %7.7’sinde mahkeme tarafından verilen mağduru koruma kararı bulunmaktadır. Gazetelere göre, verilen fotoğrafların haber ile ilgili olup olmadıkları, fotoğrafların niteliği, haber içeriği ve haber başlığının uyumu, haberin magazinleştirilmesi, mağdurun özel hayatına ilişkin bilgi verilip verilmediği arasında anlamlı farklar bulunmuştur. Çalışmamızda farklı yayın politikalarına sahip gazeteler arasında kadına yönelik şiddet haberlerinin veriliş biçimlerinin de farklılaştığı görülmektedir. Buradan hareketle, kadına yönelik şiddet haberlerinin veriliş biçiminin kültürden etkilenmesi, nasıl verilmesi gerektiği, bu haberleri yazan ve yayına hazırlayan basın çalışanlarının eğitimi gibi konular tartışılmıştır.
Comparison of News about Violence towards Women in Media
This study is designed to investigate how news about violence towards women are approached by newspapers which have various reader mass and publication policies and to discover the differences between newspapers in the approach to violence towards women. All the news about violence against women were screened in the printed versions of the newspapers Birgün, Hürriyet, Yeni Safak. Newspaper archives were reached from Istanbul Atatürk Library. The newspapers were chosen according to their publication policies and various reader mass. The number of the news about violence against women, photographs, headlines, adjectives used for the victims/perpetrators, informations about victim’s private life, affinity between victim and perpetrator etc. have been evaluated. Totally, 377 news contain 177 news from Birgün; 219 news from Hürriyet; 41 news from Yeni Safak. It is seen that 73 % of victims are attacked by their intimate partners. 65.5% of the attacks have resulted in death while 21% of it have resulted in injuring and 13.5% of it have sexual characteristics. In 7.7 % of the attacks which were resulted in death, the victim had protection order. There are significant differences between newspapers in some criterias. These are relation between the photograph and news, characteristics of the photographs, consistency between the news and headlines, information about victim’s private life. In this study, it is seen that the ways in presentation of the news about violence towards women differ according to the newspapers which have different publication policies. In this context, it is discussed that the ways in presentation of the news about violence towards women is influenced from culture; how these news are supposed to be presented; education of the people who work in press and prepare these news.

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