Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:1994; Cilt: 9; Sayı: 33>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikoloji Dergisi; 1994;9(33):45-50
Davranış Ölçümünde Yapısal Geçerlik Göstergesi
A Baykal
Boğaziçi Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Bu çalışmada, iki ya da daha çok boyutlu bir testin yapısal geçerliğini kendi içindeki verilerle sayısallaştıracak bir gösterge önerilmektedir. Test maddelerinin, ölçülen boyutlara dağılımı ile ölçmeleri beklenen boyutlara dağılımı arasındaki tutarlılığın, dağılımdaki toplam belirsizliğe oranı testin yapısal geçerliği olarak tanımlanmıştır. Tanımı gereği, yapısal geçerlik göstergesi 1.00 ile 0.00 değerleri arasında değişir. Maddeleri beklenen boyutlara dağılımı ile gözlenen faktörlere dağılımı birbirine tam olarak denk düştüğünde gösterge 1.00 değerini alır. Göstergenin en küçük kuramsal değeri 0.00'dır. Bu değer maddelerin beklenen ve gözlenen boyutlara çapraz dağılımının tümüyle rastlantısal, gelişigüzel ve seçkisiz olduğunu yansıtır.
Items of a multi-dimensional test can be crostabulated with respect to espected versus observed categories of factors. Some entropy (uncertainty) measures can be calculated within such a contingency lable. Construct validity of the test is defined as the ratio of uncertainty removed by the observed distribution over the total uncertainty observed in the distribution. This ratio yields an index varying between unity and zero. Unity implies perfect construct validity, i.e., distribution of items into observed factors match perfectly well to the factors set before. lndex will yield zero when the distribution of items into observed factors is completely indepented of their distribution within the expected categories.

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