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Yıl:1999; Cilt: 14; Sayı: 44>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikoloji Dergisi; 1999;14(44):63-75
Çok Kategorili (Polytomous) Maddelerde Klasik ve Modern Test Kuramlarının Madde Analizleri, Güvenirlik ve Bilgi Kavramları Açısından Karşılaştırılması
O Somer
Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir
Ölçme araçlarından elde ettiğimiz veriler, her zaman bir miktar ölçme hatasını içermektedir. Bu nedenle bir kişinin test edilmesi ile elde ettiğimiz puan da, o kişiden elde edebileceğimiz olası puan dağılımından sadece bir gözlemdir. Güvenirlik ve standart hata, kişilerin gerçek puanlarının içinde yer alabileceği güven aralığına dair olasılıksal tahminler yapmamıza imkan sağlayan kavramlardır. Modern test geliştirme modellerinde, standart hata değerleri, klasik kuramdan farklı olarak, ölçülen özellik üzerinde farklı konumda olan bireyler için farklı değerler sağlamaktadır. Test bilgi fonksiyonları da ölçülen boyut üzerinde testin hangi bölgelerindeki kişiler için daha dakik bilgi sağladığını anlamamıza yardımcı olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, çok kategorili maddeleri olan bir kişilik ölçeği, madde cevap kuramıyla ve klasik kuramla analiz edilmiş ve modern kuramdaki kavramlardan yararlanılarak, ölçülmesi hedeflenen gruba ilişkin daha dakik ölçümler sağlayan testlerin oluşturulmasının olanaklı olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Comparison of Reliability and Information Concepts of Classical and Modern TestTheory " with Polytomous Item Tests
Data obtained from psychological measures always include some error variance. The score obtained from one administration is only one of the observable values from its possible score distribution. Reliability and Standard error of measurement enable test users to estimate the confidence interval which contains the person's true score. In modern test theory, the values of Standard error of measurement provide different values for individuals who are at different regions on the measured latent trait. Furthermore, item and test information functions in modern test developing models offer an alternative way of constructing more reliable psychological tests. In this study, a personality scale which has polytomous items, analyzed with both the Classical Test Theory and Item-Response Theory (IRT). It can be concluded that IRT concepts, such as item and test information functions, seem to be more efficient than the classical item parameters in making more precise distinctions between different regions of the latent trait.

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