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Yıl:2011; Cilt: 14; Sayı: 27>> Özet
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Türk Psikoloji Yazıları; 2011;14(27):69-77
Eşcinsellere Yönelik Tutumlar, Cinsiyetçilik ve Romantik İlişkilerle İlgili Kalıpyargılar: Yetişkin Bağlanma Biçimleri Açısından Bir Değerlendirme
N Okutan, AB Sunal
Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara
Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, farklı bağlanma biçimlerine sahip kadın ve erkekleri, eşcinsellere yönelik tutumlar, cinsiyetçilik ve romantik ilişkilerde kadın erkek rollerine ilişkin kalıpyargılar açısından karşılaştırmaktır. Ayrıca, eşcinsellere yönelik tutumları sözü edilen değişkenlerin ne derece yordadığını incelemek, çalışmanın bir diğer amacıdır. “Yakın İlişkilerde Yaşantılar Envanteri”, “Çelişik Duygulu Cinsiyetçilik Ölçeği”, “Eşcinsellere İlişkin Tutumlar Ölçeği” ve “Romantik İlişkilerle İlgili Kalıpyargılara İlişkin Tutumlar Ölçeği”, karşı cinsel romantik bir ilişkisi olan 384 katılımcıya uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada, cinsiyet (kadın, erkek) x bağlanma biçimleri (güvenli, korkulu, saplantılı ve kaçınmacı bağlanma biçimleri) modeline uygun çok yönlü varyans analizi (MANOVA) yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar, cinsiyet ve bağlanma biçimleri ortak etkisinin bağımlı değişkenler üzerinde etkili olmadığını göstermiştir. Ancak, cinsiyet ve bağlanma biçimleri temel etkisi anlamlı bulunmuştur. Erkekler; eşcinsellere yönelik olumsuz tutumlar, düşmanca cinsiyetçilik ve romantik ilişkilerle ilgili kalıpyargısal tutum ölçeklerinden kadınlara göre daha yüksek puan almışlardır. Buna karşılık, kadınların korumacı cinsiyetçilik puanları erkeklerden daha yüksektir. Sonuçlar ayrıca, korkulu ve kaçınmacı bağlanma biçimi olanların cinsiyetçilik, eşcinsellere yönelik tutum ve romantik ilişkilerle ilgili kalıpyargı puanlarının daha yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir. Son olarak, güvenli katılımcıların tüm ölçeklerden en düşük puanı aldıkları gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca, cinsiyetçilik ve romantik ilişkilerle ilgili kalıpyargısal tutumlar güçlü bir biçimde cinsel önyargıyı yordamaktadır. Bu çalışma, bağlanma biçimlerinin eşcinsellere yönelik tutumları, cinsiyetçiliği ve romantik ilişkilerle ilgili kalıpyargıları anlamlı düzeyde etkilediğini göstermiştir.
Attitudes towards Homosexuality, Sexism,and Stereotypes about Romantic Relationships:An Assessment in terms of Adult Attachment Styles
The main purpose of the present study was to compare men and women with different attachment styles in terms of attitudes towards homosexuality, sexism and gender stereotypes about romantic relationships. In addition, another purpose of study was to examine predictive values of mentioned variables on attitudes towards homosexuality. Experience in Close Relationship, Ambivalent Sexism Inventory, Index of Homophobia, Attitudes toward Gender Stereotypes about Romantic Relationships Scale were administered to 384 participants who have heterosexual romantic relationships. In this study, gender (woman man) x attachment styles (secure, fearful, preoccupied and dismissing attachment styles) multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was employed. The results showed no signifi cant gender x attachment styles interaction effect on dependent variables. In contrast, a signifi cant main effect was found for gender and attachment style. Men had higher scores on attitudes toward homosexuals score, hostile sexism and attitudes toward gender stereotypes about romantic relationships than women. However, women had higher score on benevolent sexism than men. Results also indicated that individuals with fearful and dismissing attachment style had the higher scores on attitudes towards homosexuals, sexism and attitudes toward gender stereotypes about romantic relationships. Finally, secure participants had the lowest levels of all scales. Moreover, sexism and stereotypes about romantic relationships were the best predictors of sexual prejudice. This study demonstrates that attachment styles had signifi cant impact on attitudes towards homosexuals, sexism and stereotypes regarding romantic relationships.

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