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Yıl:2002; Cilt: 5; Sayı: 9-10>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikoloji Yazıları; 2002;5(9-10):121-136
Trafik Psikolojisi ve Psikoteknik Değerlendirmenin Tarihine Genel Bir Bakış
Y Yasak
Türkiye Şoförler ve Otomobilciler Federasyonu, Ankara
Trafik ortamı dendiğinde ilk akla gelen insan, araç ve çevre öğeleri ve bu üç öğenin birbiri ile ilişkisidir. Trafik psikolojisi, temel olarak insan faktörünü incelemekle beraber, bu üç faktörü ve trafik sistemini disiplinlerarası bir yaklaşımla ele almaktadır. Çalışma alanları, kazaya yatkınlık konusundan, sürücü yeteneklerine ve kişiliğine kadar uzanmaktadır. Bu yazıda, trafik psikolojisinin Batı ülkelerinde ve ülkemizdeki tarihsel gelişimi ele alınmaktadır. Sürücü seçimi, psikoteknik değerlendirme ve sürücü davranışı geliştirme programlarının trafik psikolojisi alanındaki yeri ve gelişimi anlatılmaktadır. Yazıda, psikoloji biliminin trafik güvenliği konusuna katkıları, trafik psikolojisinin amaçları, ele aldığı konular ve uygulama alanları ana hatları ile anlatılmakta, ülkemizdeki ve dünyadaki son durumu kısaca değerlendirilmektedir.
Traffic Psychology and Psychotechnical Evaluation: A General Overview
Traffic situation consists of human, vehicle, and environmental factors and there is interplay among these factors. Traffic psychology has been mainly interested in these three factors and the whole traffic system from an interdisciplinary point of view. Main study areas cover all aspects of the human factors from accident proneness, driver abilities to personality characteristics. In this article, the history of traffic psychology in Europe and Turkey was briefly summarized. The role and development of driver selection, psychotechnical evaluation, and driver improvement programs in different areas of traffic psychology were reviewed. Contributions of psychological sciences to traffic safety, including practical issues and implications were discussed. Finally, the recent developments in Turkey and the other countries in this area were briefly evaluated.

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