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Yıl:1971; Cilt: 9; Sayı: >> Özet
TAM METİN
Psikoloji Çalışmaları; 1971;9():1-8
Küçük Çocuklarda Verbal Kabiliyet ve Zekâ
B Özbaydar
İstanbul Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Bu araştırmada küçük çocuklarda erken konuşmanın ZB'ne etkisi olup olmadığı, ve gayet varsa, bunun daha sonraki yıllarda da devam edip etmediği araştırılmıştır. Aynı sosyo-ekonomik seviyeden olan dokuz tane 2 yaşındaki çocuğa 1937 StanfordBinet testi Verilmiştir. Deneklerin dördü erken konuşan, beşi ise geç konuşan çocuklardır. Erken konuşan grupta üç kız, bir erkek, geç konuşan grupta ise dört erkek, bir kız vardır. Bu çocuklar beş yaşlarım bitirdikleri zaman ikinci defa teste tâbi tutulmuşlardır.' 2 - yaş seviyesinde iki grubun ortalama ZB'ieri arasında, erken konuşanların lehine olan fark ile, geç konuşanlarda 2 ve 5 - yaş seviyeleri arasındaki ortalama ZB'ieri farkı anlamlı çıkmıştır. Bu sonuç verbal kabiliyetin küçük yaşlarda ZB'nü etkilediği fikrini göstermektedir. Ancak, erken konuşanların çoğunluğunun kız olması, farkın cinsiyete de bağlı olabileceğini düşündürebilir. Fakat, başarı gösterilen verbal ve verbal olmıyan itemlerin nisbeti kız ve ölçeklerde, erken ve geç konuşanlarda anlamlı farklılaşmalar göstermemiştir. Bu sebepten sonuç, erken konuşmanın tek başına ZB'nü etkileyici bir faktör olamıyacağı, dil gelişmesi ile zekânın diğer fonksiyonları arasında bir paralelizm olabileceği şeklinde yorumlanmıştır.
Verbal Ability and Intellıgence in Young Chıldren
In this study the problem was to investigate whether in young children precocity of speech had any effect on IQ, and if so, whether this effect continued in later years as well. Nine 2 - year old children coming from the same socio-economic status were given the 1937 Stanford-Binet. Four of the subjects were early talkers and five were late talkers. There was one boy in early talkers' group, and one girl in late talkers' group. The same children were retested when they were five years old. Mean difference in IQ points at intial testing and mean difference between 2 • and 5 - year levels in late speakers were significant. Because of these differences language might be thought of as a factor influencing the IQ, or sex difference might be thought of as being the cause of higher IQ in girls, and hence in early speakers. But since there was no difference between the proportions of passing verbal and non-verbal items in either girls and boys, 01 early lathers and late fathers, the possibility of there being a parallelism between speech development and other functions of intelligence is suggested.

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