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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 5; Sayı: 4>> Özet
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Journal of Mood Disorders; 2015;5(4):157-163
Tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin psikiyatriye karşı tutumları ve aleksitimi ile olası ilişkisi
AH Alpaslan, U Koçak, KS Coşkun, Ö Özbulut, A Yeşil
Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Afyon
Amaç: Psikiyatri branşı, son yıllarda tüm dünyada mezuniyet öncesi tıp eğitiminde büyük önem kazanmıştır. Tıp öğrencileri arasında psikiyatriye karşı tutumlar gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde yoğun şekilde araştırılmaktadır. Psikiyatriye karşı tutumlar ve ihtisas için psikiyatri uzmanlığının tercih edilmesi demografik, kişilik ve sosyal değişkenler gibi birçok etmen tarafından belirlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin psikiyatriye karşı tutumları ve aleksitimi ile olası ilişkinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu çalışma kesitsel olarak tasarlanmıştır. Çalışma örneklemi 2013-2014 akademik eğitim-öğretim yılına ait 1. sınıftan (n=85) ve 2. sınıftan (n=73) toplam 158 preklinik öğrencisi ile 5. sınıftan (n=39) ve 6. sınıftan (n=58) toplam 97 klinik öğrencisini kapsamaktadır. Çalışmaya dâhil edilen öğrencilere Attitudes Towards Psychiatry (ATP-30), Toronto Aleksitimi Ölçeği (TAS-20) ve sosyodemografik veri formu uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılanların ortalama ATP puanı 106,07 (sd=13,05) bulunmuştur. Çalışmamızda erkek öğrencilerin ATP puanları kadın öğrencilere göre anlamlı derecede daha yüksekti (p=0.001). Öğrencilerin psikiyatriye karşı tutumları ile akademik yıl arasında negatif anlamlı ilişki tespit edilmiştir (p<0.001). Preklinik ve klinik gruplar ATP ölçeğinden, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar bulunan maddeler yönünden karşılaştırıldığında klinik grubun sekiz maddeden birisi dışındaki tüm olumsuz maddelerden preklinik gruba göre anlamlı derecede daha yüksek puanlar aldıkları saptanmıştır (p<0.05). Son olarak aleksitimik öğrenciler ile aleksitimik olmayan öğrenciler arasında toplam ATP puanları yönünden anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmamıştır (p>0.05). Sonuç: Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi öğrencileri psikiyatriye karşı orta düzeyde olumlu tutuma sahiptiler. Erkek öğrenciler kadınlara göre daha olumlu tutuma sahipti. ATP ölçek puanı ile eğitim yılı arasında negatif bir ilişki saptandı. Çalışmamızdaki katılımcılar Türkiye’deki tüm tıp öğrencilerini temsil etmemektedir, bulgularımızın test edilmesi için geniş örneklemler üzerinde kapsamlı çalışmalar yapılmasını öneriyoruz. Klinik psikiyatri ile daha erken temas, olumlu eğitici rol modelleri ve etkili eğitim yöntemlerinin tıp öğrencilerinin psikiyatriye karşı tutumlarında olumlu değişikliklere yol açacağını düşünmekteyiz
Attitude towards psychiatry and its possible association with alexithymia among medical students
Psychiatry has gained an increasing importance in medical undergraduate curricula around the world in the last few decades. Attitudes towards psychiatry (ATP) among medical students have been studied extensively in developed and developing countries. ATP and a career choice in psychiatry appear to be associated with various factors including demographics, personality, and social variables. In the present study, our aim was to investigate attitude towards psychiatry and its possible association to alexithymia among medical students. Methods: The study design was cross-sectional. Study sample consisted of first (n=85) and second (n=73) year preclinical students, fifth (n=39), and sixth (n=58) year clinical students during 2013–2014 academic year. All participants were asked to complete the Attitude Towards Psychiatry 30 (ATP-30), the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), and a socio demographic query form. Results: The mean ATP score for respondents was 106.07 (SD=13.05). Results revealed that male students had a significantly more positive attitude than females (p=0.001). It was found that there was a negative linear relationship between students’ ATP score and academic year (p<0.001). Students who obtained significantly higher scores on the ATP scale were those who did not intend to select psychiatry as their career (p<0.001). When items from the ATP scale showing significant difference (p<0.05) between clinical and preclinical groups were evaluated, overall eight items except one clinic group had higher scores on the negatively phrased items. Finally, we found no significant difference in the ATP scores between alexithymic students and non-alexithymic students (p>0.05). Conclusion: Afyon Kocatepe University medical students have a moderate positive attitude towards psychiatry. Male students had more positive attitude than females. Interestingly, there was a negative linear relationship between student’s ATP scores and their academic year. Our results should not be seen as representative of whole medical students in Turkey, but as indicative of current trends. So, further national representative sample research is needed to verify our findings. Early contact with psychiatric practice, positive role models and mentors, and developing effective educational approaches could improve perceived value of specialty and positive attitudes towards psychiatry.

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