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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 2; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Türk Uyku Tıbbı Dergisi; 2015;2(3):72-76
İkincil Narkolepside Üç Farklı Etyolojileriyle Olgularımızın Literatür Eşliğinde Gözden Geçirilmesi
Y Savrun, AB Demir, AÖ Sıvacı, İ Bora, M Zarifoğlu
Uludağ Üniversitesi, Bursa
Narkolepsi, gündüz aşırı uykululuk hali, katapleksi, bunlara eşlik eden hipnogojik/hipnopompik halüsinasyonlar ve uyku paralizisi ile şekillenen santral hipersomnolanslar grubunda yer alan nörolojik bir hastalıktır. Eşlik eden katapleksi bulgusuna göre iki ayrı tipi tanımlanmıştır. Otoimmün süreçte geliştiği düşünülen hastalığın patofizyolojisinde hipotalamusta üretilen hipokretin maddesinin eksikliği gösterilmiştir. Narkolepsi, genellikle genç nüfusta primer bir hastalık olarak görülür, fakat nadir de olsa; beyin damar hastalıkları, intrakraniyal tümörler, ensefalit, sarkoidoz, multipl skleroz gibi hastalıklar veya kafa travması, enfeksiyonlar, aşılar sonrası da sekonder olarak görülebilmektedir. Bu yazıda gün içinde aşırı uykululuk şikayeti ile başvuran ve medikal sebeplere bağlı tip 2 narkolepsi tanısı alan, Parkinson hastalığı (PH) olan, interferon kullanım öyküsü olan ve Langerhans hücreli histiyositoza (LHH) bağlı hipotalamus tutulumu olan üç ayrı olgu sunulmuştur. PH ve benzeri hipotalamus-hipofiz sistem ile ilgili organik patolojilerde ya da ilaç kullanımı öyküsü olan hastalarda gün içi uykululuk şikayetlerinin iyi sorgulanması ve ikincil narkolepsinin akılda tutulması gerekmektedir.
Our Cases of Secondary Narcolepsy with Three Different Etiology:Review of the Literature
Narcolepsy is neurological disorder classified among central hypersomnolences group and characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, associated symptoms like hypnogogic/ hypnopompic hallucinations and sleep paralysis. It is divided into two types on the basis of accompanying cataplexy. In the pathophysiology of this disorder, which is accused an autoimmune process, hypocretin deficiency in the hypothalamus was shown. Narcolepsy is often seen as a primary disease in young population but may also occur with other disorders like cerebrovascular diseases, intracranial tumors, encephalitis, sarcoidosis, multiple sclerosis or after head trauma, infections, and vaccines; in which the disease is accepted as secondary narcolepsy. In this case report, patients presenting with excessive daytime sleepiness and diagnosed as having secondary narcolepsy due to medical causes, and who have Parkinson’s disease (PD), history of interferon use and hypothalamic involvement associated with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) were reported. Daytime sleepiness complaints should be well questioned in organic pathologies related with hypothalamus-pituitary system such as PD and similar diseases or in patients with history of drug use and secondary narcolepsy should be beared in mind.

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