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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 2; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Türk Uyku Tıbbı Dergisi; 2015;2(1):11-14
Obstrüktif Uyku Apne Sendromunda Subklinik Hipotiroidizm
ET Parmaksız, B Salepçi, G Saraç, N Kıral, A Fidan, S Cömert, B Çağlayan
Dr. Lütfi Kırdar Kartal Training Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
Amaç: Halsizlik, apati ve gündüz aşırı uykululuk hali Obstrüktif uyku apne sendromunda (OUAS) sık olarak görülen bulgulardır. Bu bulgular aynı zamanda hipotiroidizmde de görülmektedir. OUAS obez hastalarda ve klinik olarak hipotiroidizm tanısı alan hastalarda daha sık görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, OUAS şikayetleri ile başvuran ve klinik olarak bilinen hipotiroidizm tanısı olmayan hastalarda subklinik hipotiroidizmin ve OUAS’da tiroid hormone tarama gerekliliğinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda, bilinen hipotiroidizm tanısı olmayan hastalar incelenmiştir. Tüm hastalar bir gece uyku laboratuvarında kalarak polisomnografi tetkiki ile değerlendirilmiştir. Tüm hastalarda Serum tiroid-uyarıcı hormon (TSH) düzeyleri ölçülmüştür. Bulgular: Toplam 1473 kişiden 1406’sında (%95,5) OUAS tanısı konuldu (Apne-hipopne indeksi (AHİ)>5). Artmış TSH düzeyleri apnesi olmayan grupta sadece 3 kişide saptandı (%4,47), OUAS grubunda ise 54 hastada saptandı (%3,90). Hafif-orta OUAS grubunda ortalama TSH düzeyleri 2,02 µU /ml iken ağır OUAS hastalarında 2,44 µU/ml olarak saptandı; aradaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmadı (p=0,08). AHİ ile TSH düzeyleri arasında anlamlı olmamakla birlikte hafif positive bir korelasyon saptandı (r=0,05, p=0,04). Ortalama TSH düzeyleri oksijen desatürasyon indeksi veya en düşük oksijen satürasyonu ile anlamlı ilişkili bulunmadı (sırasıyla, r=0,02, r=-0,02). Sonuç: OUAS tanısı olan hastalarda TSH düzeylerinin ölçümü OUAS ve hipotiroidizm tanısındaki ortak şikayetlerin ayırıcı tanısında yardımcıdır. Ancak subklinik hipotiroidizm OUAS hastalarında daha yüksek bulunmamıştır.
Undiagnosed Hypothyroidism in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
Objective: Lethargy, apathy, daytime sleepiness are common features of Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). These features are already seen in hypothyroidism. OSAS is more frequent in obese patients and overt hypothyroidism may substantially add to this risk. We aimed to evaluate the incidence of hypothyroidism in cases applying with OSAS symptoms who have no known clinical thyroid disease to evaluate the necessity of thyroid hormone screening in OSAS. Materials and Methods: The study population consisted of patients with no known history of thyroid disease. All patients were screened in the sleep laboratory for one night and polysomnography. Serum thyroidstimulating hormone (TSH) levels were measured by chemiluminescence method in patients referred to our sleep center for an overnight sleep study. Results: Of 1473 subjects, 1406 (95.5%) were diagnosed as OSA (Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)>5). Elevated TSH levels were detected in 3 cases in the nonapneic group (4.47%) and 54 cases in the OSAS group (3.90%). In mild-moderate OSAS group, the mean TSH value was 2.02 µU /ml and in patients with severe OSAS this value was 2.44 µU/ml, though the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.08). AHI was found to be weakly correlated with TSH values, though the correlation was statistically significant (r=0.05, p=0.04). Mean TSH values were not correlated with oxygen desaturation index (ODI) or lowest oxygen saturation values (r=0.02 and r=-0.02, respectively). Conclusion: The measurement of TSH levels in suspected OSAS cases may help both differential diagnosis between OSAS and hypothyroidism, but subclinical hypothyroidism was not found more common in patients with OSAS.

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