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Yıl:2015; Cilt: ; Sayı: 6>> Özet
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Literatür Sempozyum; 2015;(6):30-40
2012 Yılında KTÜ Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Polikliniğine Başvuru Yakınmalarında 1996 ve 2004 Yıllarındakilere Göre Değişimler ve Konulan Tanıların Değerlendirilmesi
M Karakuş, B Duran, V Kurt, S Kandil
Ağrı Devlet Hastanesi, Ağrı
Giriş: Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağılığı ve Hastalıkları polikliniğine çeşitli nedenlerle ilk kez getirilen çocukların yıllar içinde başvuru yakınması ve konulan tanıların Türkiye ve dünyadaki benzer çalışmalarla karşılaştırılması. Gereç ve Yöntem: Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağılığı ve Hastalıkları polikliniğine 1 Eylül 2011 – 31 Mayıs 2012 tarihleri arasında ilk kez başvuran ve anne ve/veya babası çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 1123 olgu alınmıştır.Bulgular: Olguların çoğunluğunun 7-12 yaş grubundaki erkekler olduğu belirlenmiştir. Olgularda başvuru esnasında en çok belirtilen yakınmalar; dalgınlık- dikkatsizlik- unutkanlık, sinirlilik, hareketlilik, ödev-ders sorunu ve fiziksel belirtiler, en sık konulan tanılar ise; dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB),anksiyete bozukluğu, depresyon, hafif mental retardasyon (Hafif MR), sınır entelektüel işlev ve enürezis olarak saptanmıştır. Okul öncesi olgularında en sık belirtilen yakınmalar; konuşma geriliği- adına bakmama, hareketlilik, sinirlilik, tanılar ise; anksiyete bozukluğu, DEHB, hafif MR, konuşma geriliği, başka türlü adlandırılamayan yaygın gelişimsel bozukluk (BTA-YGB) olarak saptanmıştır. Ergenlik öncesinde en sık belirtilen yakınmalar; dalgınlık-dikkatsizlik unutkanlık, hareketlilik, ödev ve ders sorunları, tanılar ise DEHB, anksiyete bozukluğu, hafif MR, depresyon, enürezis olarak saptanmıştır. Ergenlik döneminde en sık belirtilen yakınmalar; sinirlilik, dalgınlık- dikkatsizlik-unutkanlık ve ödev-ders ile ilgili sorunlar, tanılar ise; anksiyete bozukluğu, depresyon, DEHB,davranım bozukluğu, obsesif-kompulsif bozukluk (OKB) ve konversiyon bozukluğu olarak saptanmıştır.Tartışma ve Sonuç: Çalışmamızda başvuru yakınmalarının yıllar içerisinde değişim gösterdiği görülmüştür ayrıca olgulara konulan tanıların sıralamaları farklı olsa da diğer ruh sağılığı kliniklerinde yapılan çalışmalarla benzeştiği saptanmıştır. Okul öncesi dönemde iletişim sorunları, ergenlik öncesinde eğitim-öğretim sorunları,ergenlik döneminde anksiyete ve duygudurumla ilgili yakınmalar diğerlerine oranla daha fazladır. 3 yaş grubunda da en çok konulan tanılar arasında DEHB ve anksiyete bozukluğu bulunmaktadır.
The Evaluation of the Disorders Diagnosed in KTU Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Polyclinics through 2012, and the Comparison of the Admitting Complaints in that of 1996 and 2004
Background: The comparison of both admission complaints and diagnoses, in children whom the first admission to a Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Polyclinic, with those similar data reported in Turkey and worldwide was aimed. Material and Methods: Total 1123 cases, as the first admitting from 1st September 2011 to 31st May 2012 to the Karadeniz Technical University, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Polyclinic, parents agreed on the study were included. Findings: Mostly of cases were boys who 7-12 age group. The most complaints at admission were pensiveness-inat-tention-forgetfulness, irritability, hyperactivity, academic problems, physical symptoms, the most diagnoses were attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, mild mental retardation (mild MR), borderline intellectual capacity and enuresis. The most prominent complaints in pre-schooler cases were speech retardation-do not looking at when being called with their names, hyperactivity; and diagnoses were anxiety disorders, ADHD, mild MR, speech retardation, not otherwise specified-pervasive developmental disorder (NOS-PDD). While pre-adolescent period the most declared complaints were pensiveness-inattention-forgetfulness, hyperactivity, and academic problems, and diagnoses were ADHD, anxiety disorders, mild MR, depression and enuresis, in adolescent period the most frequent complaints were irritability, pensiveness-inattention-forgetfulness and academic problems and diagnoses were anxiety disorders, depression, ADHD, conduct disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and conversion. Conclusion and Conclusion: Admission complaints have been varies over the years and diagnoses have been found similar with the other reports although the order of frequent were different. In pre-schooler period communication problems, in pre-adolescent period academic problems, and in adolescent period anxiety and mood disorders’ related complaints were higher than others. ADHD and anxiety disorders were most prominent diagnoses in 3 years age group, also.

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