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Yıl:2014; Cilt: 21; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi; 2014;21(2):95-104
Bir Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesinde Değerlendirilen Yaygın Gelişimsel Bozukluk Olgularının Klinik ve Demografik Özellikleri
Z Göker, E Güney, G Dinç, Ö Hekim, Ö Üneri
Ankara Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hematoloji Onkoloji Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesi, Ankara
Amaç: Bu çalışmada DSM-IV-TR’ye göre “Yaygın Gelişimsel Bozukluklar (YGB)” başlığı altında yer alan bozukluklardan herhangi biri ile tanılanan olguların incelenmesi, klinik ve sosyodemografi k özelliklerinin saptanması ve alt tiplere göre karşılaştırılması hedefl enmiştir. Yöntem: Kliniğimize 15 Mayıs 2012-15 Mayıs 2013 tarihleri arasında başvuran olguların kayıtları taranarak, YGB olgularının demografi k ve klinik özellikleri değerlendirilmiş, istatistiksel analiz için SPSS 17.0 programı kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar: Toplam 25.013 başvurudan 298’inin (%1,2) YGB spektrumunda olduğu saptanmıştır. Olguların yaş ortalamasının 8,7±3,9 yaş, %79,5’inin (n=237) erkek cinsiyette olduğu ve %77,2’sinin Ankara ilinde yaşadığı bulunmuştur. Olguların %63’üne (n=188) otizm, %31,2’sinin (n=93) Başka Türlü Adlandırılamayan (BTA)-YGB, %5’inin (n=15) Rett Sendromu ve %0,7’sinin (n=2) Asperger Sendromu tanısı konulduğu belirlenmiştir. Örneklemin %50,3’ünde (n=150) tabloya eşlik eden en az bir psikiyatrik bozukluk saptanmıştır. Kız çocuklarında ağır mental retardasyon (%11,5, n=11) ve epilepsi (%14,8, n=9) varlığı istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde erkeklerden daha fazla bulunmuştur (p=0,018, p=0,008 sırasıyla). Olguların %27,9’una (n=83) en az bir ve/ veya daha fazla ilaç tedavisi uygulandığı, en sık olarak %61.4 (n=51) ile risperidon önerildiği, psikiyatrik komorbidite varlığının ilaç tedavisini öngördüğü belirlenmiştir (p=0,017). Tartışma: YGB spektrumunda en sık görülen bozukluk otizm olup kız cinsiyetinde epilepsinin tabloya eşlik etmesi dikkati çekmiştir. Yaklaşık her iki olgudan birinde eşlik eden bir başka psikiyatrik bozukluk varlığı aynı zamanda ilaç tedavisini de öngörmektedir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Otizm, komorbidite, epilepsi, yaygın gelişimsel bozukluk
The Clinical and Demographic Features of Cases with Pervasive Developmental Disorder Evaluated In A Training and Research Hospital
Objective: This study aimed to assess cases diagnosed with any disorder that would be included within the broad title pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) according to DSM-IV-TR classifi cation, to determine the cases’ clinical and sociodemographic features and to compare the subtypes. Method: The medical records of the cases that had applied to our unit between the dates May 15, 2012 and May 15, 2013 were screened. Demographic and clinical features of cases with PDD were assessed and SPSS 17.0 program was used for statistical analysis. Results: Out of a total 25,013 applicants, 298 (1.2%) met the criteria for PDD spectrum. Mean age of the cases was 8.7±3.9 years; 79.5% were boys (n=237) and 77.2% were a resident in Ankara province at the time of the study. Sixty- three percent of the cases (n=188) were diagnosed with autistic disorder while 31.2% (n=93), 5% (n=15), and 0.7% (n=2) were diagnosed with PDD-not otherwise specifi ed (PDD-NOS), Rett Syndrome, and Asperger Syndrome, respectively. At least one comorbid psychiatric disorder was found in 50.3% of the sample (n=150). For girls, presence of comorbid severe mental retardation (11.5%, n=11) and epilepsy (14.8%, n=9) were found to be signifi cantly more frequent then boys (p=0.018, p=0.008, respectively). It was found that 27.9% of the cases (n=83) had been using at least one and/or more medication with the most commonly recommended drug being risperidone by 61.4% (n=51) and that the presence of a psychiatric comorbidity was a predictor of psychotropic medication use (p=0.017). Discussion: The most frequently encountered disorder within PDD was autism and the fi nding regarding epilepsy comorbidity in the clinical picture for female gender was noticed. The presence of any other comorbid psychiatric disorder that was observed for approximately every other case was a predictor of psychotropic medication use at the same time.

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