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Yıl:2014; Cilt: 5; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi; 2014;5(3):129-136
Muhtarlara Verilen Ruhsal Hastalığa Yönelik Damgalama İle Mücadele Eğitiminin Etkililiğinin Araştırılması
MO Çam, A Bilge, E Engin, ZB Akmeşe, EÖ Turgut, N Çakır
Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir
AMAÇ: Toplum liderleri olarak muhtarlara verilen ruhsal hastalığa yönelik damgalama ile mücadele eğitiminin etkililiğini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. YÖNTEMLER: Araştırma, öntest-sontest kontrol grupsuz bir araştırmadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak, Birey Tanıtım Formu, Bilge ve Çam (2008) tarafından geçerlilik ve güvenirliği yapılan Ruhsal Hastalığa Yönelik İnançlar Ölçeği ve Bağ ve Ekinci (2005) tarafından geçerlilik ve güvenirliği yapılan Ruhsal Sorunları Olan Bireylere Yönelik Toplum Tutumları Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Etik kurul, araştırma yeri ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden muhtarlardan izinler alındıktan sonra, eğitim öncesi veri toplama araçları uygulanmıştır. Damgalama ile mücadele eğitimi sonrası ölçekler yeniden uygulanmıştır. BULGULAR: Muhtarların %72.2’sinin hizmet verdikleri bölgede ruhsal-psikolojik sorunu olan bireylerle nadiren karşılaştığı, %66.7’sinin ise ruhsal problemi olan kişilere girişimde bulunmadığı belirlenmiştir. Muhtarların %33.3’ünün akıl hastalığı denince akıllarına ilk gelen hastalık olarak ‘Akli dengesini yitirmiş, dengesizlik, delilik’ yanıtını verdiği belirlenmiştir. İyi Niyet Alt Ölçeği eğitim öncesi ve eğitim sonrası puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptanmıştır (Z=-2.350, p=0.019). Toplum Ruh Sağlığı İdeolojisi Alt Ölçeği puan ortalamasının eğitim sonrası yükseldiği ve Utanma Alt Ölçeği puan ortalamasının eğitim sonrası düştüğü saptanmıştır. SONUÇ: Sonuç olarak muhtarlara uygulanan ruhsal hastalığa yönelik damgalama ile mücadele eğitiminin, muhtarların bu hastalıklara yönelik utanma duygusu ve tutumlarında olumlu değişiklikler yapmasından dolayı etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Investigating the Effectiveness of Education of the Fight Against Stigma on Mental Illness to Headmen
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of education of the fight against stigma on mental illness to headmen as leaders of public. METHODS: This study was a pretest-posttest study without a control group. Individual Identification Form and Beliefs Toward Mental Illness Scale which was validated by Bilge and Çam (2008), and Scale of The Community Attitudes Towards The Mentally Illness which was validated in the study by Bag and Ekinci (2005) were used as data collection tools. After ethics committee approval was obtained and the necessary permissions were taken from the institution the study was performed. The scales were administered before education and again after education of the fight against stigma. RESULTS: It was found that 72.2% of headmen rarely met individuals with mental and psychological problems and 66.7% of them didn’t take action to individuals with mental problems. 33.3% of headmen expressed the first mental illness had come back to their mind as ‘insane, mental alienation, lunacy’. Statistical significant differences were found on the Goodwill Subscale between average points before and after education (Z=-2.350, p=0.019). The Community Mental Health Ideology Subscale had higher average points, and Shame Subscale had lower average points after education. CONCLUSION: As a conclusion, the education against the stigma of mental illness in headmen was found to be effective because of positive changings in headmen’s sense of shame and attitudes towards the mentally ill.

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