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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 16; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2015;16(2):113-121
Adli psikiyatri hastalarının içselleştirilmiş damgalanma ve sosyal işlevsellik düzeyleri
LB Arabacı, C Başoğul, A Büyükbayram
İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi, İzmir
Amaç: Ruh sağlığı ve hastalıkları hastanelerinin adli psikiyatri birimlerinde tedavi olan suç işlemiş ve ruh sağlığı bozukluğu olan bireylerin içselleştirilmiş damgalanma (İD) ve sosyal işlevsellik (Sİ) düzeylerini belirlemektir. Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki araştırma, Ocak-Nisan 2013 tarihleri arasında yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın Türkiye’de adli psikiyatri birimi olan beş hastanede yürütülmesi planlanmış, ancak iki hastane yönetiminin çalışmanın yapılmasını onaylamaması nedeniyle çalışma üç hastanede yapılmıştır. Bu hastanelerde tedavi olan hastalardan (s=109) katılamayacak düzeyde psikiyatrik belirtileri olan (s=22) hastalar dışında toplam 87 hasta araştırmamıza katılmıştır. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından hastalarla yüz yüze görüşülerek toplanmıştır. Araştırmada Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, Ruhsal Hastalıklarda İçselleştirilmiş Damgalanma Ölçeği (RHİDÖ) ve Sosyal İşlevsellik Ölçeği (SİÖ) kullanılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirmesinde, sayı ve yüzde dağılımları yapılmış, değişkenler arasındaki ilişki t-testi, varyans analizi ve korelasyon analiziyle incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Hastaların %94.3’ü erkek ve yaş ortalaması 37.78±11.12’dir. Hastaların RHİDÖ alt ölçek puan ortalamaları öz damgalanma için 44.43±12.80, yabancılaşma için 14.33±3.58, kalıp yargıları onaylama için 16.90±3.85, algılanan ayrımcılık için 12.11±2.89; sosyal geri çekilme için 14.34±3.61 ve damgalanmaya karşı direnç için 13.26±2.03 olarak bulunmuştur. SİÖ alt ölçek puan ortalamaları çekilme için 10.44±2.48, kişilerarası iletişim için 4.87±2.28, bağımsızlık/performans için 12.25±6.98, bağımsızlık/ yetkinlik için 31.54±8.36, hobiler için 8.54±4.73, öncül sosyal etkinlik için 8.23±7.31 ve iş için 4.16±2.60 olarak bulunmuştur. Hastaların özdamgalanma ölçek puan ortalamalarının yükseldikçe Sİ puan ortalamalarının düştüğü ve bazı sosyodemografik değişkenlerin Sİ ve İD ölçek puan ortalamalarını etkilediği saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Adli psikiyatri biriminde tedavi olan hastaların İD ve Sİ düzeylerinin orta düzeyde olduğu, İD eğilimleri arttıkça Sİ düzeylerinin azaldığı, İD eğilimleri ile Sİ düzeylerinin bazı sosyodemografik değişkenlerden etkilendiği belirlenmiştir
Social functionality and internalized stigmatization levels of forensic psychiatry patients
Objective: The aim was to determine the internalized stigma and social functioning levels of the individuals who committed crime and had mental disorder and were treated in forensic psychiatry units of mental health and illnesses hospitals. Methods: This cross-sectional research was carried out between the dates of January and April 2013. It was planned to carry out the research in five hospitals having forensic psychiatry unit in Turkey, but because of two hospital administrations’ disapproval, it was carried out in three hospitals. Of the patients treated in those three hospitals (n=109), totally 87 patients participated our research except the patients who had psychiatric symptoms at a level that they couldn’t participate (n=22). Data were collected by talking to the patients face to face. In the research, Descriptive Information Form, Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMI) and Social Functioning Scale (SFS) were used. In data evaluation, number-percentage distribution was done and the relationship between the variables was examined by t-test, variance analysis and correlation analysis. Findings: 94.3% of the patients were men and their average of age was 37.78±11.12. Patients’ average points of ISMI subscales were found as 44.43±12.80 for self-stigma, 14.33±3.58 for alienation, 16.90±3.85 for approving literal judgements, 12.11±2.89 for perceived discrimination, 14.34±3.61 for social withdrawal, and 13.26±2.03 for resist against stigma. Average points of SFS subscales were found as 10.44±2.48 for withdrawal, 4.87±2.28 for interpersonal communication, 12.25±6.98 for independence performance; 31.54±8.36 for independence competence; 8.54±4.73 for hobbies, 8.23±7.31 for initial social activity and 4.16±2.60 for job. It was determined that the more self-stigma scale average points increased, the more social functioning average points decreased and some sociodemographic variables affected the average points of social functioning and self-stigma scale. Conclusion: It was determined that the patients treated in forensic psychiatric unit had self-stigma and social functioning levels at a medium level, the more their tendency of self-stigma increased the more their social functioning levels decreased and their selfstigma tendencies and social functioning levels were affected by some sociodemographic variables

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